Pertinent information for Testing Flashcards
What TCA might be a first line for MDD if they also have OCD?
Clomipramine
What TCA might be a first line for MDD if they also have migraines?
Imipramine
What are the S/S saying for anticholinergic toxicity?
red as a beet, dry as a bone, blind as a bat (blind), mad as a hatter, hot as a hare (hyperthermia), and full as a flask (urinary retention)
STOMAS for TCAs and Atypical antipsychotics
Sedating, torsades, orthostatic hypotension, metabolic, anticholinergic, seizure
JPEGS for delusional Disorder
Jealous, persecutory, erotomaniac, grandiose, and somatic
What are the three main symptom sets belonging to PTSD?
- Reexperiencing (Nightmares, Intrusive thoughts, and flashbacks)
- Arousal (hypervigilance, irritability, difficulty sleeping, difficulty concentrating, reckless, exaggerated startle)
- Avoidance (Inability to remember, avoiding distressing memories or stimuli)
What is the role of the ID?
This is our taboo impulses and cannot come to conscious awareness
What is the role of the Super Ego?
To control and prevent the ID from coming to our consciousness.
What is the Ego?
This is the sense of self. All perceptions and all sense of self belong to the Ego.
What is sublimation?
This is when you take an unacceptable ID impulse and channel it into a socially acceptable way.
The patient presents with co-occurring mood and psychotic symptoms. (Mood symptoms can be either depressive or manic).
Schizoaffective
The patient presents with psychotic symptoms in the absence of mood disorder.
Schizophrenia
This disorder presents with suspicion, projection (blaming others for everything that happens), pervasive distrust (result of maladaptive projection).
Paranoid personality disorder
DIG FAST
An acronym for mania. Distractibility, Irritability/irresponsibility, Grandiosity, Flight of Ideas, Activity increased, Sleep decreased, and excessive Talkitiveness
Most effective therapy for borderline personality disorder?
DBT (dialectal behavioral therapy)
A psychotic episode that lasts less than one month.
Brief psychotic disorder
A psychotic episode that lasts one month to six months.
Schizophreniform.
A psychotic episode that lasts six months or longer
Schizophrenia
What five disorders do you have to rule out to diagnosis with schizophrenia (as it is a diagnosis of exclusion)?
Substance induced, medical condition, schizoaffective, primary mood disorder, and autism spectrum disorder
What is Capgras Syndrome?
Family or friend has been replaced by an intruder or a clone
What is Cotard Syndrome?
You or part of you is dying or is dead
What is the Fregoli Syndrome
Another person can shapeshift or take the guise of another person
the psychodynamic principle that assumes all behavior has a purpose
Psychic determinism
the psychodynamic principle that one understands that others have needs and that impulsive actions can cause self-harm
Ego development principle
the psychodynamic principle that seeks pleasure and gratification immediately
Id principle
the psychodynamic principle that imposes a moral framework and ethical restraint learned from the environment.
The Superego mediation principle
The miracle question is what kind of therapy?
Solution focused therapy
a skill-based approach that focuses on four main areas: emotional regulation, improving distress tolerance, mindfulness, and interpersonal effectiveness
DBT
a paradoxical directive would be what type of therapy?
Strategic
a technique that uses expressive tools and activities to recreate emotional situations from the past or present so they can be resolved in a less threatening manner
Experiential therapy
a treatment that addresses patterns of interaction that cause conflict within a family system
Structural Therapy
The process by which the body affects the drug is known as
Pharmacokinetics
the effect of the drug on the body and includes agonist and antagonist properties
Pharmacodynamics
Reduced protein binding is due to decreased nutritional absorption associated with
aging
Which medications are believed to cross the blood-brain barrier and lead to symptoms of depression
beta blockers
Until rapport and therapeutic alliance are established, the PMHNP should not be
alone with the patient in a closed area
Which neurotransmitter is excitatory?
Glutamate
Which neurotransmitter is associated with fight or flight response?
norepinephrine
Which neurotransmitter is associated to a reward response?
Dopamine
Which of the following areas of the brain produces dopamine?
Substantia nigra
Which two places in the brain produce serotonin?
Raphe nuclei and the brainstem
Which place in the brain produces norepinephrine?
Locus ceruleus, located in the pons
a mature defense mechanism characterized by a conscious decision to delay paying attention to a thought or emotion to cope with the present reality
Suppression
A patient who is not willing to discuss his involvement in a psychological trauma is using which of the following defense?
Denial
a neurotic defense mechanism in which the person consciously expresses pleasurable emotions accompanied by unexplainable amnesia or lack of awareness of an ego-dystonic event.
Repression
The purpose of defense mechanisms is to
resolve conflicts associated with Ego-dystonic stimuli
According to the DSM-5, personality disorders are categorized according to
The primary psychiatric disorder
In speaking with a 50-year-old man with a Cluster A personality disorder, which would be the best strategy?
Do not challenge his negative views or recollections of past events
Heightened sensitivity, including paradoxical anxiety, is an adverse effect associated with the use of
THC
is often used to reduce symptoms of withdrawal and anxiety associated with opioid use disorder
Clonidine
A CIWA-A scale score >19 is consistent with
Severe withdrawal and hospitalization
A CIWA-A score of 10-15 is consistent with
moderate withdrawal and benzodiazepines should be used to reduce the risk of seizures
A CIWA-A score of <10 is consistent with
mild withdrawal and can be managed with supportive measures unless there is a history of seizures or delrium tremens
Benzodiazepines cause memory problems and confusion in clients with
a history of TBI
What kind of hallucinations are more common in substance induced and withdrawal delirium?
Tactile
What kind of hallucinations congruent with delusions are more common in psychosis?
Auditory
What kind of hallucinations are the least common and most associated with delirium, seizure, or dementia?
Visual
What kind of hallucinations are most associated with substances or sleep disorders?
combined
The patient is experiencing a feeling seemingly out of the blue, with transference and countertransference which describes how memories from past relationships can impact current relationships more specifically how perception can impact how one conducts current relationships and life scripts. This is consistent with?
Transactional analysis (TA)
Dialectical behavioral therapy (DBT) therapy involves reconciling the tension to find the truth between:
Radical acceptance and change
assessing the patient for the capacity to refuse care, which is a clinical determination within the scope of
PMHNP
A mini-mental status exam score between 10 and 18 indicates
moderate cognitive impairment
A mini-mental status exam score of 9 or less indicates
severe cognitive impairment
A mini-mental status exam score of score between 19 and 23 indicates
mild cognitive impairment
What is a normal exam score for a mini-mental exam?
24 or higher
a delusion in which innocuous events are considered to have significant personal meaning
idea of reference
Mindfulness, meditation, and emotional regulation are all elements of what type of therapy?
DBT
Systematic desensitization is an element of what type of therapy?
CBT
Attachment and reintegration are elements of what type of therapy?
Trauma focused therapy
Aversion therapy is an element of what type of therapy?
relapse prevention strategy
Which therapy often uses paradoxical directive?
Strategic therapy
Which therapy seeks to clarify unconscious motivations responsible for current behaviors?
Psychoanalysis
Which therapy is a technique that helps people see themselves separate from their problems by encouraging reliance on skills to minimize distress
Narrative therapy
Which therapy is a derivative of psychoanalysis but focuses on the patient’s relationship to the external world
Psychodynamic
Higher sensitivity tests are used to
Rule out disease
Higher specificity tests are used to
Rule in disease
What besides liver function should be evaluated while on lithium?
thyroid
durable medical equipment, outpatient appointments, and ambulance services is covered by which part of Medicare?
B
hospitalizations are covered by which part of medicare?
A
The Sinclair method of treating alcohol use disorder involves taking naltrexone
1 hour before intended alcohol use
The harm reduction method of treating alcohol use disorder involves taking naltrexone
daily naltrexone medication regardless of intended use OR monthly
The aversive therapy method of treating alcohol use disorder involves taking
Antabuse
when the null hypothesis is rejected when, in fact, it is true
Type I error
when the null hypothesis is accepted when it is false
Type II error
occurs when the null hypothesis is rejected for the wrong reason
Type III error
Allows the PMHNP to summarize the data set (e.g., mean, median, mode, and range), but it does not allow for generalizing inferences, or validation
Descriptive statistics
