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Astronomy > Perspective > Flashcards

Perspective Flashcards

0
Q

what is our cosmic address

A

planet earth, solar system inc moons asteroids and icy comets. Milky Way galaxy, local group,local super cluster, universe

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1
Q

word meaning earth centered

A

Geocentric

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2
Q

what is meaning of universe

A

all matter and energy and voids

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3
Q

what is an AU

A

astronomical unit is earth’s average distance from the sun, 150 million kilometers=93 million miles. for use in our solar system

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4
Q

what is ly

A

a light year. distance light can travel in one year

;10 trillion kilometers or 6 trillion miles. for distances of stars and galaxies

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5
Q

Estimate of the age of the universe

A

14 Billion years old.

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6
Q

The distance of 14 Billion light years marks what

A

The Boundary or Horizon of our Observable universe

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7
Q

What is the observable universe

A

The portion of the entire univers that we can potentially observe. No limit on the size of the universe.

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8
Q

MVeMJSUN

My very energetic Mother just served us nuts

A

Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune.

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9
Q

what is the classification of Pluto and Eris since when

A

Dwarf planets. 2006 pluto was demoted. 2005 Eris discovered.

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10
Q

What do you use when working with powers of ten

A

Scientific notation

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11
Q

Our solar system is a ____ star system

A

Single

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12
Q

——- and —— ——- show regions where ——– won over expansion

A

Galaxy and Galaxy Clusters gravity.

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13
Q

surrounds the Earth with Constellations that have definite borders

A

Celestial sphere. We see only half of the dome on our LOCAL SKY

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14
Q

What is the Horizon

A

Boundary between earth and sky

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15
Q

What is the Zenith

A

Point directly overhead

16
Q

What is Meridian?

A

Runs due north and due south through Zenith

17
Q

What makes stars appear to circle around the earth?

A

Earth Rotation

18
Q

If a stars complete circle is above the horizon it is said to be

A

Circumpolar

19
Q

The constellations vary with ?

A

Latitude. Because your LATITUDE determines the orientation of your horizon relative to the celestial sphere.

20
Q

What causes the seasons?

A

The tilt of Earths AXIS. Points in same direction always so as we go around the sun different parts receive more sun at different times.

21
Q

What is precession?

A

The 26,000. Yr cycle of our axis. Remains at 23.5 degree. Does Not affect seasons.
Does change identity of North Star and shifts the location of solstices and equinoxes

22
Q

The ? Of the moon depends on its ? Relative to the sun as it orbits earth

A

Phase. Position. The side facing the sun is always illuminated , but from Earth we see varying combos of the illuminations and dark faces.

23
Q

Solar eclipse

A

Moon blocks our sun

24
Q

Lunar eclipse

A

Earth shadow on the moon. We in middle

25
Q

Because the moons orbit is slightly ? to the ecliptic plane , we ? See an eclipse at every full and new moon

A

Inclined . Do Not see.

26
Q

Planets generally move ? Relative to the stars

A

East

27
Q

When Earth passes or is passed by other planets

A

Apparent retrograde motion. They seem to go backward. Ancients did not understand this because they thought earth was center.

28
Q

Greeks rejected the idea that earth goes around sun because they could not detect ?

A

Stellar Parallax

29
Q

Slight apparent shifts in stellar positions over a year

A

Stellar Parallax. The Greeks did not know that the stars were so far away.

30
Q

A gas consisting of electrons and ions

A

Plasma

31
Q

Atom with positive or negative charge

A

Ion

32
Q

Your altitude =

A

Your latitude

33
Q

Who patented the telescope

A

Hans Lippershey in1608. Galileo perfected it. made it into a tool

34
Q

What are the 3 objections of Aristole’s views from Galileo

A
  1. earth could not be moving, birds would fall behind. How:
    Objects in motion stay in motion until a force stops them.
  2. Heavens must be perfect
    Tyco showed supernova and comets, things change. G with telescope saw sun spots, shadows of craters on moon (not smooth)
  3. Absence of stellar parallax
    showed Milky Way and thousands of far away stars
35
Q

Nails in earth centered theory

A

G with telescope found four moons orbiting Jupiter. The current belief was our moon could not stay with a moving Earth

Venus went thru phases.

36
Q

Whose Laws predicted Mercury transit across the Sun

A

Kepler German

Astronomy (16 decks)

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