Ch 10 Atmospheres

Question 0

Sunlight is the only true significant energy source for surface T/F

Answer 0

True

Question 1

A terrestrial planets interior heat has a lot to do with its surface temps

Answer 1

False

Question 2

W/o greenhouse effect a planets global average surface temp would depend on 2 things

Answer 2

Distance from sun
Overall reflectivity , higher reflectivity less light absorbed, cooler planet. Also called ( albedo) depends on composition and color. Dark color reflect less light.

Question 3

Mercury and moon have no atmosphere and thereby have

Answer 3

No greenhouse effect.

Question 4

Earths greenhouse effect lets our temp be

Answer 4

31 degrees warmer.

Question 5

What are two gases that are TRACE parts of Earths atmosphere that cause green house effects?

Answer 5

Water vapor and carbon dioxide.

Question 6

What are the more abundant molecules that have no effect on infrared light and do not contribute to greenhouse effect

Answer 6

Nitrogen N2 and oxygen o2

Question 7

4 atmospheric structures.

Answer 7

Troposphere. Lowest. Temp drops the light you go up. Dense
Stratosphere begins where temp stops dropping and starts to Rise. High in there temps fall again

Thermosphere temps rise again at high altitude
Exosphere atmosphere fades away into space

Question 8

Scattering (small amt) has 2 effects

Answer 8

Sky bright . Without sunlight would go in straight lines so we would see sun against black sky. As on moon. Also prevents shadows from being pitch black. Moon shadows cold and dark.

Sky blue. Gas molecules scatter blue light ( higher energy ) more effectively than red light , low energy
sunset sunlight must pass thru. More atmosphere at sunrise and sunset. Most of blue scattered away so we have red.

Question 9

The primary cause of storms is the churning of air by

Answer 9

Convection. Convection is only when you have strong heating from below

Question 10

Layer where storms are? Primary cause of storms

Answer 10

Troposphere. Churning of air by convection

Question 11

Are X-ray’s good gas absorbers?

Answer 11

Yes. They ionize and dissociate molecules

Question 12

Planets with low reflection do what

Answer 12

Absorbs more sunlight, leading to hotter temps

Question 13

If planet is cooler that shows us

Answer 13

Less energy and more reflective

Question 14

Atmosphere has to do with

Answer 14

Absorbing and releasing energy. It is the layer of gas that surrounds a world

Question 15

10k. Thin nitrogen and oxygen in atmosphere. If more oxygen we

Answer 15

Would burn

Question 16

Atmospheric pressure is

Answer 16

Force per unit area. Think of his flat hand on his chest, then a finger at his chest

Question 17

1 bar means pressure ??

Answer 17

Sea level

Question 18

Magnetosphere more a ? Than a blanket

Answer 18

Shield . Protection from solar winds

Question 19

Weather is

Answer 19

Wind , clouds, temp, pressure

Question 20

Climate is

Answer 20

Long term AVERAGE of weather.

Condition.

Question 21

Circulation cells with no rotation

Answer 21

Heat air rises at equator. Cooler air descends at poles. 2 large cells

Question 22

Coriolis effect

Answer 22

Rotation. Conservation of angular momentum. Ball on Merry go round if tossed from center to edge with curve from circular motion

Question 23

Coriolis on earth.

Answer 23

Appears to move faster over surface at poles because of less angular momentum
To poles more angular moment. Travels farther

Question 24

Direction of coriolis winds

Answer 24

In north counterclockwise

In south clockwise

Question 25

Water goes in cycles. It gets? In clouds

Answer 25

HeAvier

Question 26

Factors of long term change

Answer 26

Solar brightening
Axis tilt big tilt extreme seasons. Sm
tilt polar regions are colder. Moon helps keep tilt reasonable
Change in reflectivity low to warming
High cools planet Venus very reflect
Change in green house gases

Question 27

How planets gain atmosphere

Answer 27

Volcanos
Evaporation of surface liquid-sublimation
Impact of particles or photons-release
Gases: moon and Mercury