PERSPECCTIVES IN EXPLAINING THE CAUSE OF PSYCHOPATHOLOGY

Question 1

– A dysfunction in brain structures and function

can cause abnormal behavior.

Answer 1

Brain Dysfunction

Question 2

biochemical messengers which sends information from neuron to neuron

Answer 2

Neurotransmitters

Question 3

RESPONSIBLE FOR: emotions and impulses,

such as aggressive impulses

Answer 3

SEROTONIN -

Question 4

RESPONSIBLE FOR: Brain’s Reward System, Muscle system

Answer 4

DOPAMINE -

Question 5

RESPONSIBLE FOR: Mood regulation

Answer 5

NOREPINEPHRINE -

Question 6

RESPONSIBLE FOR: Inhibitor of Neurotransmitter action

Answer 6

GAMMA AMINO BUTYRIC ACID (GABA) -

Question 7

 the amount of certain neurotransmitters in the synapses is associated with specific types of psychopathology

Answer 7

Biochemical Theories

Question 8

Role of Receptors on the Dendrites

Answer 8

Few Receptors or not sensitive enough:
the neuron will not be able to make adequate use of the neurotransmitter available in the synapse Too Many Receptors or oversensitive:
the neuron may be overexposed to the neurotransmitter that is in the synapse.

Question 9

The Role of the Endocrine System

Answer 9

▪ Hormones
▪ Pituitary Gland and Hypothalamus
▪ Stress Response: corticotropin release factor (CRF)
▪ HPA Axis – anxiety and depression

Question 10

Study of the genetics of personality and abnormality

Answer 10

Behavioral Genetics:

Question 11

Behavioral Genetics: Study of the genetics of personality and abnormality
– Alteration in the gene structure can cause abnormalities
– Genes and the Environment: genes can determine the type of environment we choose; the environment can serve ass a catalyst for genetic tendencies.

Answer 11

Genetic Abnormalities–

Question 12

– Influences of punishments and reinforcements in producing behavior
– Classical Conditioning
– Operant Conditioning
– Modeling
– Observational Learning

Answer 12

Behavioral Perspective

Question 13

– Thoughts or beliefs shape our behaviors and the emotions we experience
– Causal attribution: Specific answers to “why” questions
– Global assumptions: Broad beliefs
– Dysfunctional Beliefs2: causes people to develop abnormal behaviors

Answer 13

Cognitive Perspective

Question 14

4 Dysfunctional Beliefs2: causes people to develop abnormal behaviors

Answer 14

1. I should be loved by everyone for everything I do.
2. It is better to avoid problems than to face them.
3. I should be completely competent, intelligent, and achieving in all I do.
4. I must have perfect self-control.

Question 15

– All behavior, thoughts, and emotions, whether normal or abnormal, are influenced to a large extent by unconscious processes
 Need and Motives, conscious or unconscious
 Conflicts
 Defense mechanisms

Answer 15

Psychodynamic Perspective

Question 16

– Assumption that humans have an innate capacity for goodness and for living a full life.
– Humanistic theorists recognized that we often are not aware of the forces shaping our behavior and that the environment can play a strong role in our happiness or unhappiness
– Self-actualization

Answer 16

Humanistic Perspective

Question 17

– Looks into the dynamics of the family – relationships, conflicts, etc. – and how it affects human behavior

Answer 17

Family Systems Perspective

Question 18

– Society and culture can influence the development of abnormal behavior.
Factors include Socio-economic status, poverty and unemployment, environmental issues, housing concerns, cultural and religious practices, etc.

Answer 18

SOCIO-CULTURAL PERSPECTIVES