Personality health and illness Flashcards
What is a personality?
Traits that are stable across time and situations
what is fundamental attribution error?
Individuals tendency to overemphasise internal characteristics in explaining behaviour rather than external factors.
What are the components of the five factor model of personality (John and Srivastava 1999)?
Introversion – extroversion Neuroticism Agreeableness Conscientiousness Openness
are introverts more optimistic or pessimistic
pessimistic
which of the 5 factors of personality has the most evidence of being biologically determined?
Introversion/extroversion
How might personality affect disease?
Personality characteristics may directly or indirectly lead to increased disease risk
Illness or disease might influence personality
Illness or disease and personality may share a common underlying cause (e.g. stress reactivity)
What are social norms?
what no one teaches you, but you learn is acceptable
high neuroticism is associated with…
increased risk of depression and anxiety
physiological effects of mental stress
Stimulates SNS Increased hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis Vasoconstriction Increased CAs Increased platelet aggregation Increased HR Increased BP Increased HR variability Increased inflammatory cytokines
physiological effects of depression
Stimulates SNS activity Increased CAs esp NE Platelet aggregation Increased HR Increased HR responses to physical and psychological stressors Decreased HR variability Increased QT variability Significant predictor of VT
link between depression and CVD
affects morbidity and mortality in individuals with CVD
