Overview of mental illness Flashcards
WHO definition of health
‘A state of complete physical, mental and social well-being, and not merely the absence of disease ’
Top 3 mental health condition for global burden of mental illness
Major Depressive Disorder
Anxiety
Drugs and alcohol
Define disease
objective pathology
Define impairment
any loss or abnormality of psychological, physiological or anatomical structure or function arising from the pathology.
define disability
the problem for the person caused by the impairment. Any restriction or lack of ability to perform an activity within the range considered normal for a person.
define handicap
the disadvantage for the person that limits or prevents the fulfilment of a role that is normal
Define illness
subjective awareness of distress
What is the disease, impairment and handicap for Schizophrenia
Disease; e.g. decreased volume in medial and temporal areas on neuroimaging
Impairment; disordered thinking; cognitive processing and perceptual abnormalities
Handicap; Poor concentration; odd behaviour due to perceptual abnormalities (hallucinations) and disordered thinking (delusions) leads to social disadvantage, poor interpersonal relationships, isolation and stigma
2 classification systems for mental illness
ICD-10
DSM-5
5 advantages of classifying mental health
Diagnosis Shorthand communication Frames the problem Guidance for treatment Indication of prognosis Offers the patient an explanation Demystification of mental illness
5 disadvantages of classifying mental illness
Labelling and stigmatization Illusion of understanding Limited information Some categories contentious & unreliable Difficulties if >1 condition
what is the diathesis- stress model?
diathesis (disposition)+ stress = disorder
3 advantages of biopsychosocial model
Takes a holistic view of the individual in their unique developmental, social and cultural context
Allows for consideration of the contribution of all possible factors; genetic factors, early environmental factors (including parenting), adult experiences and life events, social support…
Antidote to mind brain dualism
biological factors for mental illness
Physical disorders and insults
Genetic factors
Changes in brain structure and functioning
psychological factors for mental illness
Temperament and personality
Psychodynamic and attachment theory
Self-esteem
Cognitive (IQ)
