Personality Disorders Flashcards
Personality
The more or less stable, internal factors that make one person's behaviour consistent from one time to another // A set of consistent thoughts, feelings and behaviours shown across time in a variety of settings
What are the 3 Pās, a hallmark of a problem caused by dysfunctional personality
Pervasive (in most areas of life)
Persistent - evidence from adolescence + continues ā> childhood
Pathological - causes distress to self/others, impairs fct
Temperament
A persons innate shaped basic disposition to an emotional response and is thought to manifest from births onwards
Which develops first, temperament or personality
Temperament
Aetiology PD (4)
Genetics (moderately inheritable)
Childhood temperament + other emotional difficulties
Childhood experiences e.g. neglect, abuse, PTSD
Neurochemical imbalance (impulse/aggression)
Common co-morbidities PD (5)
Anxiety disorder Depression PTSD Substance misuse + alcoholism Adjustment disorder/stress reaction
DSM 5 Classification - Cluster A (3)
Odd + eccentric
Schizoid
Paranoid
Schizotypal
DSM 5 Classification - Cluster B (4)
Dramatic and Emotional Antisocial Histrionic Borderline Narcissistic
DSM 5 Classification - Cluster C (3)
Obsessive compulsive
Anxious
Dependent
ICD-10 Classification (8)
Paranoid Schizoid Dissocial Emotionally unstable (split into impulsive + borderline) Histrionic Anankastic (OCD) Anxious Dependent
Sx of Paranoid PD (SUSPECT)
Sensitive Unforgiving Suspicious Possessive + Jealous of partners Excessive Self importance Conspiracy theories Tenacious sense of rights
Sx Schizoid PD (ALL ALONE)
Anhedonic Limited emotional range Little sexual interest Apparent indifference to praise or criticism Lack of close relationships One-player activities Norm social conventions ignored Excessive fantasy world
Sx Dissocial PD (FIGHTS)
Forms but can't maintain relationships Irresponsible Guiltless Heartless Temper easily lost Someone elses fault
Sx EUPD (common) (5)
Affective instability Explosive behaviours Impulsive Outburst of anger Unable to plan/consider consequences
Sx EUPD; Borderline Type (SCARS)
Self-image unclear
Chronic empty feelings
Relationships = intense + unstable
Suicide attempts + self-harm
Sx EUPD; Impulsive type (LOSE IT)
Lacks impulse control Outbursts or threats of violence Sensitivity to being criticised or let down Emotional instability Inability to plan ahead Thoughtless of consequences
Sx Histrionic PD (ACTORS)
Attention seeking Concerned w/ own appearance Theatrical Open to suggestion Racy + seductive Shallow affect
Sx Anankastic Personality Disorder (DETAILED)
Doubtful Excessive detail Tasks not completed Adheres to rules Inflexible Likes own way Excludes pleasure + relationships Dominated by intrusive thoughts
Sx Anxious/Avoidant PD (AFRAID)
Avoids social contact Fears rejection/criticism Restricted likestyle Apprehensive Inferiority Doesn't get involved unless sure of acceptance
Sx Dependence PD (SUFFER)
Subordinate Undemanding Feels helpless when alone Fears of abandonment Encourages others to take decisions Reassurance needed
Social difficulties those w/ PD have (3)
Difficulty making relationships/connecting w/ others
Mx / control of emotions
Coping w/ life + difficult feelings
DDx PD (5)
Mood disorder Psychotic disorder Anxiety disorder Substance related disorders Personality change due to organic cause
General approach to Mx of PD (for Dr)
Clear boundaries
Remember splitting
Beware of transference + counter -transference
Beware of admission trap
S-term Mx PD
Ongoing risks
Take Hx + consider comorbidity
Carry out risk assessment
