Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

CP2 Psychiatry > Depression > Flashcards

Depression Flashcards

1
Q

M:F depression

A

1:2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the lifetime prevalence of depression symptoms?

A

10-20%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What % of those w/ depression will recover within a year?

A

50-60%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What % of those w/ depression will it become chronic?

A

10-25%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What % of those with depression will die by suicide?

A

5-15%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Within 10 years, what % of those once diagnosed with depression will have a relapse?

A

75%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the 3 core symptoms of depression?

A

Low mood
Anhedonia
Anergia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Biological symptoms of depression (2)

A

Disturbed sleep

Changes in appetite

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Cognitive symptoms of depression (6)

A 
Reduced concentration or memory 
Poor self esteem 
Ideas of guilt + unworthiness 
Hopelessness 
Pessimism about the future 
Ideas/acts of self-harm/suicide
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Neurotic/reactive depression

A

Patient is to some degree ‘understandably’ depressed, reacting to adverse psychosocial circumstances

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Features of ‘Somatic Syndrome’ (8)

A 
Markedly reduced appetite 
W loss - >5%W 1 month 
Early morning wakening 
Diurnal variation in mood 
Psychomotor retardation/agitation 
Loss libido 
Marked anhedonia
Lack emotional reactivity
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Depressive stupor

A

Causes someone to remain speechless + motionless for an extended period

Depression w/ psychosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Definition of a mild depressive episode

A

At least 2/3 core symptoms
+ additional Sx –> 4
w/ or w/o somatic syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Definition of moderate depressive episode

A

At least 2/3 core Sx
+ additional Sx –> 6
W/ or w/o somatic syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Definition of severe depressive episode

A

All 3 core Sx

+ additional Sx –> 8

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Definition of severe depressive episode w/ psychotic Sx

A

All 3 core Sx
+ additional Sx –> at least 8
+ delusions, hallucinations or depressive stupor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Organic DDx depression (5)

A

Neuro - MS/PD/HD/CVA
Endocrine - thyroid/parathyroid, Cushings/Addisons
Infections
Iatrogenic - opiates. L-dopa, steroids
Others - malignancies, SLE, RA, renal failure, porphyria, chronic pain, IHD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

phsyical Ix - depressive pt

A

FBC - anaemia/infection/MCV (alcohol)
U+E
LFT - GGT
TFT +Ca

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the most common co-morbidity - depression

A

Substance abuse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

How is depression managed?

A

Via NICE’s Stepped care approach

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Step 1 NICE stepped care for depression

A 
For all known/suspected PS of depression: 
Assess 
Active monitoring 
Psychoeducation 
Computer CBT
Sleep hygiene 
Guided self-help
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Step 2 NICE stepped care for depression

A

Mild/mod depression - 1’ care:
Low intensity psychological interventions
Meds - 1st line = norm SSRIs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Step 3 NICE stepped care for depression

A

Mod/severe depression. Failure to respond to Tx. 1’ care:
Meds
High-intensity psychological intervention
Consider 2’ care referral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Step 4 NICE stepped care for depression

A 
Sever complex depression. Life threatening/severe self-neglect: 
Meds - venlafaxine/mitrazapine/tca/MAOIs
High intensity psycho interventions 
MDT
Inpt care
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

If 1 episode of depression, how long should meds be continued for after pt is feeling better?

A

6 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

If recurrent depression, how long should meds be continued for after pt is feeling better?

A

2 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Indications - antidepressants (10)

A 
Depressive illness 
Anxiety 
Neuropathic pain 
Insomnia 
Bulimia 
Impulsivity 
Migraines 
Chronic fatigue Syndrome 
IBS 
Nacrolepsy
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

SSRIs - e.g.s (6)

A 
Fluoxetine 
Paroxetine 
Sertraline 
Escitalopram 
Citalopram 
Fluvoxamine
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Time taken between initiation and response - SSRIs

A

1-6 w

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

SE of SSRIs (9)

A 
Nausea
Exacerbation of anxiety 
Insomnia 
Apathy/fatigue 
Diarrhoea 
Dizziness 
Sweating 
Restlessness 
Sexual dysfunction
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

E..g.s of SNRI (2)

A

Venlafaxine

Duloxetine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

SE SNRIS

A

Similar to SSRIs
More sedation
Greater discontinuation Sx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

TCAs e.g.s (5)

A 
Amitriptyline 
Imipramine 
Clomipramine 
Dosulepin 
Lofepramine
34
Q

Which antidepressant is 1st line in pregancny

A

TCAs

35
Q

SE TCAs (9)

A 
Dry mouth 
Blurred vision 
Constipation 
Urinary retention 
Sedation 
W gain 
Dizziness 
HoTN 
Delirium
36
Q

E.g.s of MOAIs (4)

A

Phenelzine
Tranylcypromine
Isocarboxazid
Moclobemide

37
Q

When are MOAIs depresibed (5)

A 
Resistant/atypical depression 
Anxiety 
ED
Parksinsons 
Migraine
38
Q

SE MOAIs (7)

A 
Dry mouth 
Nausea 
Diarrhoea 
Constipation 
Headache 
Sleep disturbance 
Postural HOTN
39
Q

e.g. NaSSA

A

Mirtazapine

40
Q

C/I NaSSA

A

Mania

41
Q

SE NaSSA (5)

A 
W gain 
Increased appetite 
Drowsiness 
Dizziness 
Headache
42
Q

Why should antidepressants be cautioned in people with epilepsy

A

B/c they tend to lower the seizure threshold

43
Q

What % of pt w/ depression respond to their 1st antiD

A

70%

44
Q

Discontinuation Sx antidepressants

A

Generally mild /transient

Tapering dose gradually over p of 4 weeks can help to reduce Sx

45
Q

Which 2 antiD tend to have discontinuation Sx the most

A

Paroxetine

Venlafaxine

46
Q

Def Self harm

A

A deliberate, non-fatal act of injuring oneself, done with the knowledge that its potentially harmful

47
Q

Def suicide

A

The act of intentionally killing oneself with the primary aim of dying

48
Q

Ways in which people self harm (13)

A 
Over/undereating 
XS exercise 
Pulling hair out 
Ligaturing 
Swallowing non-food items 
Inserting objects into body 
OD
Burning skin 
Scratching/picking skin 
Poisoning themselves 
Cutting themselves 
Vomiting 
Headbutting/hitting themselves
49
Q

M:F self harm

A

1:2

50
Q

What are the most common methods of self harm

A

OD

Cutting

51
Q

Biological predisposing factors to SH (3)

A

Genetics
Substance misuse
Age (teens/ young adults)

52
Q

Psychological predisposing factors to SH (6)

A 
Abuse 
Bullying 
Bereavement 
Relationship breakdown 
Difficult feelings 
Endings/change
53
Q

Social predisposing factors to SH (3)

A

Having friends who SH
Housing concerns
Money worries

54
Q

Spiritual predisposing factors to SH

A

Crisis of faith

55
Q

Biological precipitating factors SH

A

Substance misuse

56
Q

Psychological precipitating factors SH (6)

A 
Abuse 
Bullying 
Bereavement 
Relationship breakdown 
Difficult feelings 
Endings/change
57
Q

Social precipitating factors SH (5)

A 
Having friends who self harm 
Money concerns 
Housing concerns 
Work/school P 
Endings /change
58
Q

Spiritual precipitating factors SH

A

Crisis of faith

59
Q

Biological perpetuating factors SH

A

Substance misuse

60
Q

Psychological perpetuating factors SH (6)

A 
Abuse 
Bullying 
Bereavement 
Relationship breakdown 
Difficult feelings 
Endings/change
61
Q

SOcial perpetuating factors SH (5)

A 
Having friends who self harm 
Money concerns 
Housing concerns 
Work/school P 
Isolation, loneliness
62
Q

Mx Self harm

A

1 - assessment
2 - approp enviro to reduce risk of further self harm
3 - care + foreward planning inncl physical Tx for injuries, Rx for psychosocial assessment

63
Q

How much more likely are those who SH to die by suicide than the general population

A

66x

64
Q

Factors predicting reptition of self harm (5)

A 
No' previous eps 
Diagnosis PD 
Hx violence 
Alcohol misuse/dependence 
Being unmarried
65
Q

Factors indicating suicidal intent (6)

A 
Precautions to avoid intervention 
Planning 
Leaving a nodte 
Anticipatory acts e.g. Will 
Use of violent methods 
Percieved lethality by pt
66
Q

Most common method of suicide

A

Hanging

67
Q

M:F suicide

A

3:1

68
Q

Who are particularly vulnerable groups from suicide? (7)

A 
Prisoners 
Asylum seeks 
LGBTQ+
Veterens 
Living alone/social isolation 
Cert occu - vet/Dr/nuse/farmer 
Unemployed
69
Q

WHat % of those who common suicide had a mental health disorder

A

90%

70
Q

Indications - ECT (4)

A

Tx resistant severe depression
Life-threatening severe depression
Tx resisttant mania
Catatonia

71
Q

ECT schedule

A

4-12 sessions

Usually twice weekly

72
Q

What % of those who have ECT recover from their clinical depression

A

80%

73
Q

Absolute C/I ECT

A

Cochlear implant

74
Q

Relative C/I ECT (9)

A 
Raised ICP
Intracranial aneurysm 
Hx cerebral haemorrhage 
Recent MI (<3months) 
Aortic aneurysm 
Uncontrolled cardiac arrhythmias 
Decompensated cardiac failure 
Acute resp infection 
DVT
75
Q

Common SE ECT (4)

A

Headache
Confusion
Impaired cognitive fct
Temp retrograde/anterograde amnesia

76
Q

Which electrode placement in ECT is more commonly used

A

Biateral

77
Q

Risk of mortality ECT

A

1 in 100,000

78
Q

Psychodynamic therapy - timing

A

ONce weekly 50mins

From 4m –> several years

79
Q

What is the aim of psychodynamic therapy?

A

Facilitate conscious recognition of Sx causing unconscious processes
Therapist ID’d and interprets these

80
Q

What is interpersonal therapy?

A

Enables pt to evaluate their social interactions, + improve their interpersonal skills in all social roles

CP2 Psychiatry (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions