Personality Disorders

Question 1

What are 3 core features to Personality Disorders?

Answer 1

1. Functional inflexibility
2. Self-defeating
3. Unstable in response to stress

Question 2

How are personality disorders categorised into DSM-5?

Answer 2

10 personality disorders categorised in 3 clusters

Question 3

What 3 disorders are in Cluster A?

Answer 3

(Odd/eccentric)

1. Paranoid
2. Schizoid
3. Schizotypal

Question 4

What 4 disorders are in Cluster B?

Answer 4

(Dramatic/emotional/erratic)

1. Antisocial
2. Borderline
3. Histrionic
4. Narcissistic

Question 5

What 3 disorders are in Cluster C?

Answer 5

(Anxious/fearful)

1. Avoidant
2. Dependent
3. Obsessive-compulsive

Question 6

Define Paranoid PD

Answer 6

CLUSTER A

People who are very highly suspicious and distressful.

The key aspect they hold about people in the world is that people are out there to get them; severely sensitive to criticism and threat.

Paranoia isn’t necessarily hallucinations.

Question 7

Define Schizoid PD

Answer 7

CLUSTER A

Detachment and disinterest in social relationships; they are withdrawn into an internal world to maintain distance from others.

They do not experience enjoyment - anhedonia.

Unresponsive to social criticism and instead involve themselves in solidarity activities.

Question 8

Define Schizotypal OD

Answer 8

CLUSTER A

Marked interpersonal deficits, behavioural eccentricities and distortions in perception and thinking (do not meet criteria for schizophrenia).

Question 9

Define Antisocial PD

Answer 9

CLUSTER B

Repeated reckless disregard for others; shallow and manipulative interpersonal relationships.

Heavily self-centered focus and failure to adhere to regulations.

Impulsive, aggressive, charismatic, deceitful; lack the capacity to empathise.

Criminal behaviours may or may not be present.

Question 10

Define Borderline PD

Answer 10

CLUSTER B

Emotional instability/affective dysregulation in reaction to environmental and interpersonal situations.

Often is attention seeking/manipulative behaviour.

Impulse control; suicidal behaviour; self harm; binge eating

Question 11

Define Histrionic PD

Answer 11

CLUSTER B

Excessive emotionality, attention-seeking, ego-centric, flirtatious, seductiveness (focus on grooming).

Manipulative, low frustration tolerance, suggestibility.

Displays of emotions: shallow and fickle in interpersonal relationships

Question 12

Define Narcissistic PD

Answer 12

CLUSTER B

Fragile self-esteem, envy, self-consciousness and vulnerability.

Feel self-righteousness, pride, contempt, vanity and superiority; sense of entitlement, privilege; inflated ego

Focus on own issues with insensitivity or impatience to problem of others

Question 13

Define Avoidant PD

Answer 13

CLUSTER C

Pervasive social inhibition, discomfort in social situations, feelings of inadequacy, low self esteem, hypersensitivity to criticism, disapproval and rejection.

Avoidance of activities involving personal contact and groups; believe they are unappealing to others.

Question 14

Define Dependent PD

Answer 14

CLUSTER C

Pervasive need to be taken care of. Exaggerated fear of being incapable of doing things or taking care of things on their own (reliance on others).

Lacking in self confidence and requiring constant reassurance.

Often find themselves exploited and in abusive relationship, fearing abandonment,

Question 15

Define Osessive-Compulsive PD

Answer 15

CLUSTER C

Pervasive pattern of perfectionism and orderliness.

Rigidity, inflexibility and stubbornness, excessive need for control interfering with ability to maintain interpersonal relationships or employment.

Attention to detail interferes with ability to complete tasks; reluctance to delegate tasks.