Intro to Abnormal Psychology Flashcards
Historically, what were people with a mental illness associated with?
Madness and insanity
How many categories for mental disorders are there today?
Over 400 categories
Define prevalence
Proportion of people who meet diagnosis for a disorder.
Define point prevalence
Right now, X percent of Australians have Y disease.
Define one-year prevalence
In 2007, X percent of Australians had Y disease.
Define life-time prevalence
During their lifetimes, X percent of Australians have Y disease.
Define incidence
Proportion of how many new cases are coming up; what proportion of healthy individuals will develop the disorder within a specific time period.
Every year, X percent of Australians develop Y disease for the first time.
What is the lifetime prevalence of mental disorders in adults?
32-48%
What is the lifetime prevalence of mental disorders in those before the age of 21?
35-49%
DSM definition of mental disorder
- A clinically significant behavioural or psychological syndrome or pattern
- Associated with present distress or disability or with a significantly increased risk of suffering death, pain, disability or an important loss of freedom.
- Must not be culturally sanctioned.
- Must be considered a manifestation of a behavioural, psychological, or biological dysfunction in the individual
- Has to be persistent over a long time.
- Has to have a negative impact on someone’s life.
What is the medical model?
The assumption that abnormal behaviour is the result of physical problems and should be treated medically
Psychoanalytic Model
Sigmund Freud; no clear dividing line between normal and abnormal.
DSM-1 and DSM-2 strongly reflected what model?
Psychoanalytic model
What were the two problems with DSM-1 and DSM-2?
Problematic reliability (inter-rater reliability) and problematic validity
DSM-3 and beyond reflected what model?
The medical model
