Personality Disorders Flashcards
Enduring characteristic patterns of thinking, feeling, and behavior that make a person unique.
Personality
Elements that comprise a person’s personality are called:
Personality traits
When established personality patterns result in repeated conflicts with others and impair the person’s ability to function in society, that person is said to suffer from:
a Personality Disorder (PD)
These are independent of mental disorders and substance abuse and are generally consistent over time & across varying situations.
Personality Disorders.
When do PDs typically manifest?
Adolescence
-Continue through lifespan - may diminish with age.
Controlling and taking advantage of others.
Manipulation
Acting without regard to potential consequences
Impulsiveness
Believing oneself is superior and worthy or special treatment.
Narcissism
Three common behaviors people with PDs demonstrate:
- manage stress by attempting to change environment
- fails to take responsibility for own actions
- lack understanding of how their behavior affects others
Behaving according to beliefs, desires, and values that concur with the persons disorder.
They see themselves as normal & view problems with others as external to themselves - believe they are victims.
Ego-syntonic
5 Trait domains associated with PD’s
- Antagonism
- Detachment
- Disinhibition
- Negative affectivity
- Psychoticism
Composed of manipulativeness, deceitfulness, callousness, aggression, hostility, grandiosity & attention seeking behaviors.
Antagonism
Composed of withdrawal, intimacy avoidance, anhedonia, restricted affectivity.
Detachment
Noted for the presence of irresponsibility, imipulsivity and risk taking activities.
Disinhibition
Refers to anxiousness, emotional liability, separation insecurity, depressivity, perseveration, and suspiciousness.
Negative affectivity
Composed of eccentricity; cognitive & perceptual dysregulation and unusual beliefs & experiences.
Psychoticism
Propensity to manipulate or violate others’ rights with a disregard for their feelings and the consequences. RISK: caretaker w/ disorder, abuse. 2Xs more men. MANI: lack remorse, risk-taking behavior. TRAITS: antagonism, disinhibition. Must be 18.
Antisocial personality disorder
ASPD
Extreme shyness and fear of rejection. MANI: Low self-esteem, poor social skills, extreme sensitivity to criticism & unrealistic expectations r/t goal achievement. TRAITS: Detachment and Negative affectivity.
Avoidant PD (APD)
Inclination to perceive people or situations as one extreme or the other.
All good or all bad.
Splitting
Symptoms on border or psychosis & neurosis. MANI: impulsivity, unstable emotions, depression, self-harm common, Splitting is common and may cause extreme mood shifts. GENETIC: 5xs more likely if first degree relative has it. TRAITS: disinhibition, negative affectivity, antagonism.
Borderline PD
BPD
Need to be cared for, difficult decision making, separation anxiety, impaired self-confidence. Seek out partners with dominant traits. View themselves as dumb.
Dependent PD (DPD)
Self-centered and dramatic. Behaves erratically to garner attention. Strong sense of inadequacy. Person needs love & reassurance but fails to demonstrate empathy and lacks consideration of others. May be highly sexualized. May act out w/ suicidal behaviors if needs for attention & affection are not fulfilled.
Histrionic PD
Sense of grandiosity, inability to empathize with others & attention-seeking behaviors. Substance-abuse disorders, eating disorders & depression commonly found in conjunction. MORE MEN. Extreme reliance on others perceptions and/or inflated sense of self. Difficult to develop relationships. TRAIT: antagonism (grandiosity & attention seeking).
Narcissistic PD
Significant impairment in social function & relationships, all-consuming desire to achieve perfection in ALL tasks.
-Does not see anything dysfunctional about their behaviors or thoughts.
-Great productivity at jobs
-Places strain on relationships
-Men twice as likely
TRAITS: compulsivity, negative affectivity
Obsessive-Compulsive PD
