Personality Disorders Flashcards
What is a personality disorder?
-Traits relating to cognition, affect, interpersonal functioning, and impulse control
List the predominant features of Borderline P.D.
-Pervasive pattern of instability in relationships
-Impulsive
-Deep abandonment issues
-Self-damaging behavior
-Intense anger
-Repeated self-harm
What are the risk factors of BDP?
-Child abuse/neglect
-PTSD
What is the etiological hypotheses of BPD?
-Faulty family boundaries
-Constant invalidation from others
-Failure to master separation and individuation from parent(s)
What is self-mutilation in BPD?
-Repeated self-harm to self from psychotic episodes (possibly)
What is dissociation in BPD?
-Person feels lost and detached from their reality
What are transient psychotic episodes in BPD?
-Rapid onset of psychotic symptoms
-Includes delusions, hallucinations, and perceptual disturbance
What is splitting in BPD?
-Person splits between idealization and devaluation
-Idealization=adore their partner/friend
-Devaluation=partner/friend becomes worthless to them
What is Dialectical Behavior Therapy?
-For people leaning towards suicide, it teaches them how to move forward and accept this is their life
What are the 4 basic elements of Dialectical Behavior Therapy?
-Mindfulness
-Distress tolerance
-Emotion regulation
-Interpersonal effectiveness
List the predominant features of Antisocial P.D.
-Includes sociopaths and psychopaths
-Diagnosis is made IF the person enters the mental health system
-Continual violation of laws and social norms
-Impulsive and reckless
-Lack of remorse
What are the risk factors of Antisocial PD?
-Low socioeconomic level
-Incompetent parenting
-Absence of father
What are the etiological hypotheses of Antisocial PD?
-Cortical immaturity (PFC dysfunction)
-Insensitivity to reward and punishment (arousal hypothesis)
What is true regarding psychopathy and physical arousal?
-Psychopaths have low physical arousal, so they seek out stimulation and do activities to activate it
What is the evidence-based treatment for psychopath?
-Incarceration
What entails a “successful” psychopath?
-Charming and intelligent to the general public
-Evade the criminal justice and mental health systems
-Useful in certain occupations
-EX: Ted Bundy
What are the predominant features of Narcissistic PD?
-grandiose sense of self
-use people to achieve their goals
-respond with rage to criticism
-rarely seek treatment
What are the predominant features of Histrionic PD?
-shape themselves to be helpless and weak
-attention seekers
-use physical appearance to attract attention
-frequent health complains
-increased risk of suicide
What are the predominant features of Paranoid PD?
-distrust of everyone and everything
-suspect people are plotting to hurt them
-reluctant to trust people
-hold grudges
What are the predominant features of Schizoid PD?
-pattern of detachment from others
-restricted emotion range
-don’t care for close relationships
-appear indifferent to praise
-may experience psychosis
What are the predominant features of Schizotypal PD?
-same as schizoid, but more elevated
-have more fantasy thoughts (aka delusions)
-eccentric behavior
-odd beliefs
What are the predominant features of Avoidant PD?
-hypersensitive to ridicule and rejection
-struggle to form close relationships even though they desire it
-low self-esteem
-social withdrawal
What are the predominant features of Dependent PD?
-need to be taken care of
-view themselves as weak and stupid
-appear selfless
-rarely initiate a project
What are the predominant features of Obsessive-Compulsive PD?
-perfectionism (To the point it gets in the way)
-preoccupied with small details
-want things done their way
-will rarely delegate tasks to others
-indecisive
What are the predominant features of Passive-Aggressive PD?
-“whatever” attitude to things
-general passiveness
-negative attitude
-stubbornness
-procrastinator
What is “symptomatic treatment” for PD?
-Treatment that will treat whatever the patient thinks is bother them
-EX: feel high anxiety from dependent PD, will receive SSRIs
What are ego-syntonic symptoms?
-Symptoms that show your behaviors and thoughts still align with your own personal values and goals
What is the difference between OCD and Obsessive-Compulsive PD?
-OCPD has only ego-syntonic symptoms
-OCPD patients are highly indecisive and overconscientious
