Personality Disorders Flashcards
What is a personality disorder
And enduring pattern of inner experience/behavior that deviates markedly from the norms and expectation of the individuals culture is pervasive and inflexible has an on set and adolescents or early adulthood stable overtime and leads to distress or impairment
General personality disorder
A: An enduring pattern of inner experience that deviates markedly from the expectation of the individuals culture manifested in two or more of the following areas:
- Cognition
2.Affectivity
3.interpersonal functioning
4impulse control
B: The pattern is inflexible and pervasive across situations
C: Leads to clinically significant distress/impairment
D: The pattern is stable/long duration and onset by adolescence
What are personality traits? 
Enduring patterns of perceiving relating to and thinking about the environment/oneself that are exhibited in a wide range of social and personal context
Cluster A personality disorders
Paranoid schizoid and schizotypal
—appear odd or eccentric 
Cluster b
Antisocial borderline histrionic and narcissistic
— Dramatic, emotional or erratic
Cluster C
Avoidant dependent and obsessive compulsive
— Appear anxious or fearful
Paranoid personality disorder
A: A pervasive distrust and suspiciousness of others such that their motives are interpreted as malevolent, indicated by 4 or more of the following
- suspect the others are exploiting harming or deceiving them
- Is preoccupied with unjustified doubts about the loyalty a friends
- Is reluctant to confide in others because of unwarranted fear that information will be used against them
- Reads hidden demeaning/threatening meanings into benign remarks
- Persistently bears grudges
- Perceives attacks on his character/reputation that are not apparent to others, counterattacks
- Has reoccurrence suspicions regarding Fidelity of spouse
B: Does not occur exclusively during the course of schizophrenia etc.
Schizoid personality disorder
A: A pattern of detachment from social relationships and a restricted range of expression of emotions and interpersonal settings indicated by four or more of the following:
- Neither desires nor enjoys close relationships including being part of a family
- Almost always choose a solitary activities
- How’s little if any interest in sexual experiences
- Takes pleasure in few if any activities
- Lacks close friends
- Appears indifferent to the praise/criticism of others
- Shows emotional coldness/detachment
Schizotypal personality disorder
A: A pervasive pattern of social/interpersonal deficits marked by acute discomfort with and reduced capacity for close relationships as well as by cognitive/perceptual distortions & eccentricities of behavior, four more of the following:
- Ideas of reference (excludes delusions)
- Odd beliefs/magical thinking the influence behavior (telepathy)
- Unusual perceptual experiences including bodily illusions
- Odd thinking/speech
- Suspiciousness/paranoid ideation
- Inappropriate or constricted affect
- Behavior/appearance that is odd/eccentric
- Lack of close friends
- Excessive social anxiety that does not diminish with familiarity and tends to be associated with paranoid fears rather than negative judgments
Antisocial personality disorder
A: A pervasive pattern of disregard for & violation of the rights of others occurring since age 15 indicated by three or more of the following:
- Failure to conform to social norms with respect to lawful behaviors, indicated by performing acts that are legal
- Deceitfulness indicated by lying, conning
- Impulsivity
- Irritability/aggressiveness
- Reckless disregard for safety of self/others
- Consistent your responsibility indicated by failure to honor obligations
- Lack of remorse indicated by being indifferent
B: At least 18 years old
C: Evidence of conduct disorder before age 15
Borderline personality disorder
A: A pervasive pattern of instability of interpersonal relationships,self image, and affect, marked impulsivity, indicated by five or more of the following
- frantic efforts to avoid real or imagined abandonment
- Pattern of unstable/intense interpersonal relationships characterized by alternating between extremes of idolization devaluation
- Identity disturbance: unstable self image
- Impulsivity that’s potentially self damaging
- Recurrent suicidal behavior
- Affective instability due to reactivity of mood
- Chronic feelings of emptiness
- Inappropriate intense anger/difficulty controlling anger
- Stress related paranoid ideation/severe dissociative symptoms
Histrionic personality disorder
A: A pervasive pattern of excessive emotionality and attention seeking indicated by five or more of the following
- Is uncomfortable and situations in which they are not the center of attention
- Interaction with others is often characterized by an appropriate sexually seductive or provocative behavior
- Displays rapidly shifting/shallow expression of emotion
- Uses physical appearance to draw attention to self
- Style of speech is excessively impressionistic
- Self dramatization, theatricality
- Is suggestible
- Considers relationships to be more intimate than they actually are
Narcissistic personality disorder
A: A pervasive pattern of grandiosity need for admiration and lack of empathy indicated by five or more:
- Grandiose sense of self importance
- Preoccupied with fantasies of unlimited success/power/beauty
- Believe they are special and unique
- Requires excessive admiration
- Sense of entitlement
- Is interpersonally exploitative
- Lacks empathy
- Often envious of others/believes others or envious of them
- Arrogant, haughty behaviors or attitudes
Avoidant personality disorder
A: A pervasive pattern of social inhibition feelings of inadequacy and hypersensitivity to negative evaluation‘s indicated by four or more of the following:
- Avoids activities involving interpersonal contact because of fears of criticism
- unwilling to get involved with people unless certain of being liked
- Restraint with an intimate relationships because of fear of being shamed
- Preoccupied with being criticized/rejected
- Inhibited in new personal situation because of feelings of inadequacy
- Views self as socially inept/inferior
- Unusually reluctant to take personal risks because of fear of embarrassment
Dependent personality disorder
A: A pervasive and excessive need to be taken care of that leads to submissive, clinging behaviors and fears of separation five or more of the following
- Difficulty making every day decisions without advice/reassurance
- Needs others to assume responsibility for areas of their life
- Difficulty expressing disagreement with others because of fear of loss of support
- Difficulty initiating projects/doing things on their own
- Goes to excessive lengths to obtain support from others
- Feels uncomfortable when alone
- Urgently seeks another relationship when a close relationship ends
- Is unrealistically preoccupied with fears of being left to take care of themselves alone
