Personality Disorders Flashcards
Define Personality Disorders
Deeply ingrained and enduring pattern of inner experience and behaviour
Deviates from expectations of individuals culture
Is Pervasive and Unflexible
Onset in adolescence/early adulthood
define personality?
refers to an individuals differences in characteristic patterns of thinking, feeling and behaving
Give four potential aetiologies of Personality Disorder
- Low socioeconomic status - Social Reinforcement of Abnormal
- Behaviour Poor Parenting and parental deprivation
- Genetic
- Abuse During Childhood
Describe the ICD10 classification of Personality Disorders
Cluster A - ‘Odd and a Eccentric’
Cluster B - ‘Dramatic and Emotional’
Cluster C - ‘Anxious and Fearful’
Describe the three subcategories of Cluster A Personality Disorder
- Paranoid
- Schizoid
- Schizotypal
what is and give some clinical features of Paranoid Personality Disorder
presents as suspicious and mistrusting, misinterpreting events as persecutory, bearing grudges, strong sense of personal right. thinks the whole world is against them
- Suspicious of Others
- Unforgiving
- Criticism not liked
- Envious
what is and give four clinical features of Schizoid Personality Disorder
present as detached, solitary, aloof, little interest in people and sex, indifferent, lacking close
Detached No emotion Indifferent to Praise or Criticism No hallucinations or delusions
what is schizotypal disorder?
presents as eccentric, odd behaviour and thinking, unconventional beliefs
Describe the 4 subcategories of Cluster B Personality Disorder
- Borderline - emotionally unstable
- Narcissistic
- Dissocial/antisocial
- Histrionic
what is and give four clinical features of Borderline Personality Disorder
present with emotional instability, impulsivity, parasuicidal acts, chronic feelings of emptiness, intense & unstable relationships, feared abandonment
- Abandonment Feared
- Mood Instability
- Suicidal Behaviour
- Intense Relationships
what is and give four clinical features of Dissocial Personality Disorder
present with unconcern for feelings of others, disregard for rules, impulsivity, low tolerance to frustration, failure to take responsibility
- Callous
- Others Blamed
- Reckless
- Remorseless
what is and give four clinical features of Histrionic Personality Disorder
present as theatrical, dramatic, exhibit superficial emotionality, seductiveness, suggestibility
- Provocative
- Attention Seeking
- Egocentric
- Shallow
Describe the three subcategories of Cluster C Personality Disorder
Dependent
Anxious-avoidant
Anankastic
what is narcissistic personality disorder?
present as grandiose, self important, degrading others
What is and give four clinical features of Dependent Personality Disorder
present with needing others to make decisions for them, fear abandonment, unable to cope alone, need for reassurance
Reassurance required
Expressing disagreement is difficult
Abandonment feared
Exaggerated fears
what is and give four clinical features of Anxious Personality Disorder
present with persistent anxiety, sensitive to rejection, tend to avoid relationships unless acceptance is guaranteed
- Certainty of being liked needed
- Inadequacy felt
- Social inhibition
- Potential embarrassment prevents involvement
what is and give four clinical features of Anankastic Personality Disorder
present as rigid, stubborn, perfectionistic, preoccupied with rules, order and routine, have higher sense of morality
- Preoccupation with detail
- Workaholic
- Meticulous
- Stubborn
Describe two questionnaires for Personality Disorder
Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire
Eysenck Personality Questionnaire
What psychological testing could you do for Personality Disorder
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory
Describe the biological management of Personality Disorders
- Treat comorbid psychiatric illness/substance misuse
- Risk assessment - esp emotionally unstable PD
- Pharmacologically may use antipsychotics/antidepressants/mood stabilisers
- Written crisis plan
Describe the psychological management of Personality Disorders
CBT
Psychodynamic Therapy
Dialectical Behaviour Therapy
Describe the social management of Personality Disorders
Support Groups
Aim not to admit as will form attachments and behaviour will worsen
what medications can be used to treat personality disorders?
atypical antipsychotics - short term for transient psychotic periods in certain PDs
Mood stabilisers - used in emotionally unstable. PD for symptoms such as mood instability and aggression
small role for anti-depressants
Schizotypal personality disorder is very similar to Schizoid. How can you differentiate the two?
Schizotypal is characterised by more unusual thought and behaviours
