Personality Disorder Flashcards
Cluster A
eccentrtic, strange, acting out
(phenmoic for clusters are “W” Weird)
Paranoid PD
Schizoid PD
Schizotypal PD
Cluster B
(wild)
Antisocial PD
Borderline PD
Histrionic PD
Narcissistic PD
Cluster C
(worried)
Avoidant PD
Dependent PD
Obsessive compulsive PD
Paranoid Personality Disorder
Use a professional, matter of fact approach
Aim to understand the clients perspective and worldview
Once trust is established can help develop plans for client identified problems
Meds not helpful
Hard to form therapeutic relationship due to mistruct
Schizoid Personality Disorder
A pervasive pattern of detachment from social relationships and a restricted range of expression of emotions in interpersonal settings. a lack of interest in other people
Social skills training is helpful
Collaborate to find activities the person enjoys
Often begins with brief interventions for person to remain engaged in treatment (not feel overwhelmed)
Might have difficulty experiencing pleasure so we nee to try to find something they do enjoy.
Go slow and gentel with approaches bc having all the attention with a therapeutic relationship can be overwhemning for them
Schizotypal Personality Disorder
A pervasive pattern of social/ interpersonal deficits marked by acute discomfort with/reduced capacity for, close relationships as well as by cognitive or perceptual distortions and eccentricities of behavior
Social/interpersonal challenges with an element of magical thinking/odd beliefs. When people start making all their decisions based on the magical thinking “oh 1111 is special so I can’t leave my house.” Needs to negatively effect function/relationships
Magical thinking: belief that our thoughts/actions/words can prevent things from happening. ”I’m sad so it’s raining. My sadness caused the rain”. Person causes something to happen
Improve coping so their only coping isn’t just due to magical thinking.
Assist with improving coping skills
Determine if ADL’s are impacted and intervene as indicated
Interventions may be focused on improving self-esteem
Social skills training
Reality testing – if have a relationship
Biosocial Theory of BPD
Innate emotional vulnerability/sensitivity
+ Emotional dysregulation
+ Invalidating environments
Leads to the development of borderline personality disorder
Splitting
isa psychological mechanism which allows the person to tolerate difficult and overwhelming emotions by seeing someone as either good or bad, idealised or devalued.
Biological component of innate emotional vulnerability of BPD
in supportive environment this builds resilency and positifve coping mechs
-kids don’t regulate their emotions, the environment models how to regulate it
-invalidating enviornments (ex. Childhood abuse, emotional sensitivity is not matched with validation)
-once a child doesn’t get the validation they need they either a) shut down and close themselves off b)step up the behaviour so that others can see they didn’t get the validation they need instead of managing the emotion on the inside, they create the emotion on the outside in order to validate their feeling. Ex. If I feel chaotic and disorganized inside it feels better to be in an environment that’s the same as that’s how they validate. They can’t name their emotion so can’t tame it so it needs to exisit outside so that their emotion feels validated externally because they can’t do it internally.
Interventions – Borderline Personality Disorder
Assess and observe for safety (risk assessment)
Recognize the person is likely experiencing a crisis
Develop a person-centered plan (client directed)
Be consistent and gentle in limit and boundary setting
Validation!!
Involve family and supports
Maintain professional boundaries
Engage in reflection
Support your colleagues
Advocate and challenge provider-based stigma
Distress Tolerance
decrease the crisis right now. Won’t help you deal with the future but will help you stay alive right now in their moment.
- ex. Self-Soothe
-Ex. TIPP
TIPP
temperature
intense exercise
paced breathing
paired muscle relaxation
4 components of DBT
Distress tolerance
Mindfulness
Emotion regulation skills
Interpersonal effectiveness
Antisocial Personality Disorder
Pervasive pattern of disregard for and violation of the rights of others
Do not conform to ethical and social standards
May act deceitfully and impulsively
Lack as sense of personal responsibility and empathy
Easily irritated and may become aggressive
Interventions for APD
Matter of fact approach
Focus on goal setting
Short term goals
Align with client on mutually shared goals
Encourage self-responsibility
Provide positive feedback
Self-awareness enhancement
Anger management (skills training)
Milieu – structured, staff consistency
A lot of people who have no empathy actually do once you get to know then and that’s just the way they want ot present to others
-once you build that trust with them you can call them on it. “I know that bothers you{“
