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Behavioral Med II > Personality D/o > Flashcards

Personality D/o Flashcards

1
Q

When is the onset of personality d/o?

A

early adolescence or early adulthood

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2
Q

Behavior/traits in a pt with personality d/o are considered ____ and ____

A

pervasive and inflexible

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3
Q

Patients with personality d/o are usually (unstable/stable) over time

A

stable

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4
Q

There are 3 clusters of personality d/o, A B and C. What are they? What are they characterized by?

A

A – Eccentric d/o “the weirds”
B – Dramatic D/o “the wilds”
C – Anxious d/o “the wimps”

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5
Q

Personality d/o lay on a continuum ranging from no ______ to severe ______

A

no dysfunction to severe dysfunction

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6
Q

Personality theory presents that personalities can be defined/described by a combo of 4-5 different traits:

A

Extraversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Neuroticism, Openness to experience

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7
Q

How common is personality d/o?

A

very common, 9-16% US pop and 30-50% in psych outpatient pop

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8
Q

What are some common comorbid conditions in a pt with personality d/o?

A

MDD (51%), GAD (64%), and Panic d/o (56%)

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9
Q

What personality d/o are more common in males?

A

Antisocial personality d/o

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10
Q

What personality d/o are more common in females?

A

Borderline personality d/o
Histrionic personality d/o
Dependent personality d/o

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11
Q

What personality d/o are equal between sexes?

A

Schizoid, schizotypal, obsessive compulsive

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12
Q

Personality d/o is more common in (younger/older) pop, and prevalence (increases/decreases) with age

A

younger, decreases

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13
Q

Rates of unemployment, divorce, homelessness, drug abuse, and domestic violence are (lower/higher) in pts with personality d/o

A

higher

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14
Q

The dx of antisocial personality d/o requires a minimum age of ____ y/o, and is considered ______ d/o in younger individuals

A

18 y/o

conduct d/o

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15
Q

Personality changes later in life are more indicative of ______, such as ____ and ______

A

other mental illnesses, such as early schizophrenia or neurocognitive d/o

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16
Q

Early traumatic experiences and failing to progress through the normal stages of sexual development are common in pts with personality d/o, but early childhood _____ and ____ is associated w/ these d/o–> particularly _______ and ______ d/o

A

trauma and abuse
borderline
antisocial

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17
Q

______ personality d/o has a genetic component and is most likely related to/a variant of schizophrenia. Only ______ and _____ d/o have shown a clear genetic component.

A

schizotypal

borderline and antisocial

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18
Q

There is some physiological functional differences in the brain and its anatomy in pts with personality d/o, three examples include…

A

Altered metabolism in the prefrontal cortex
Reduced prefrontal grey matter
Less affect-related activity in limbic regions

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19
Q

Pts w/ personality d/o generally have (very little/a lot) of insight into their maladaptive behaviors

A

very little–often blame others for their troubles, more often do not seek help

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20
Q

Usually, pts w/ personality d/o will seek help for ____, not their actual d/o

A

consequences of their behaviors (depression, marital/work issues, anxiety/anger)

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21
Q

T/F: A dx of a personality d/o should be given ASAP to ensure early intervention

A

F: Do not be quick to give out these dx→ many need long term observation/interview to reach a conclusion

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22
Q

Before a dx of a personality d/o is given, you should r/o other mental d/o and medical conditions that could be causing similar sx, such as…

A

depression, anxiety, medical illness

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23
Q

A personality d/o is characterized by having certain (persistent/fluctuating) behaviors, being (flexible/inflexible), (adaptive/maladaptive) with their behaviors having a clear ______ impact on their lives

A

persistent, inflexible, maladaptive, negative

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24
Q

As part of the interview of a pt w/ a personality d/o, the provider should focus on how the following domains have been affected in the pt’s life: (x6)

A

Sense of self
Interpersonal relationships

Work
Affect
Reality testing
Impulse Control

(SI, WARI)

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25
Q

Is there a general tx available for pts with a personality d/o?

A

No, these d/o are very different
No FDA approved pharmaceutical tx for any of the personality d/o
Tx the sx

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26
Q

What is an example of a medical condition that could cause a personality change?

A

Frontal lobe lesion

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27
Q

What cluster of personality d/o is described by the following:
Pervasive pattern of abnml cognition self expression or relating to others

A

Cluster A “the weirds”

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28
Q

What cluster of personality d/o is described by the following:
Pervasive pattern of abnormal fears involving social relationships, separation, or need for control

A

Cluster C “the wimps”

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29
Q

What cluster of personality d/o is described by the following:
Pervasive pattern of violating social norms of the rights of others, impulsivity, excessive emotionality, grandiosity, or acting out

A

Cluster B “the wilds”

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30
Q

What are the personality d/o categorized under Cluster A “the weirds” (eccentric d/o)?

A

Paranoid, schizoid, schizotypal

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31
Q

What are the personality d/o categorized under Cluster B “the wilds” (dramatic d/o)?

A

Antisocial, borderline, histrionic, narcissistic

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32
Q

What are the personality d/o categorized under Cluster C “the wimps” (anxious d/o)?

A

Avoidant, dependent, obsessive compulsive

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33
Q

What is the prevalence of paranoid personality d/o (%)?

A

~1-4%

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34
Q

Pts with paranoid personality d/o (can/cannot) have frank delusions, (often/rarely) seek tx, and have a pattern of ____ and ____ such that other’s motives are interpreted as malevolent

A

cannot
rarely
distrust and suspiciousness

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35
Q

What is the tx for a pt with paranoid personality d/o?
Is group therapy an option?
What medications are options?

A

Mostly supportive
Group therapy is NOT an option!
Antipsychotic medications for mild psychotic sx, depression

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36
Q

What is the prevalence of schizoid personality d/o (%)?

A

3-5%

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37
Q

Patients with schizoid personality d/o have a profound defect in their ability to form ______, which they are (not okay/okay) and see (no problem/a problem) with.

A

personal relationships

okay with, no problem

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38
Q

In pts with schizoid personality d/o there is a clear pattern of detachment from social relationships and a restricted range of ______

A

emotional expression

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39
Q

Tx for pts w/ schizoid personality d/o includes

A

tx of whatever sx they will allow

40
Q

T/F: Pts with schizoid personality d/o have some motivation for therapy

A

F, they lack insight/motivation for any kind of therapy, including group

41
Q

What is the prevalence of schizotypal personality d/o (%)? Is it more common in males or females?

A

4-5%, there is no gender difference

42
Q

Pts with schizotypal personality d/o show a pattern of peculiar/odd/unusual ____, ____, _____, and ____

A

behavior, speech, thinking, and perceptual experiences

43
Q

Pts with schizotypal personality d/o have “____” beliefs, and mild _____. They also exhibit a(n) _____/_____ affect, and social _____.

A

magical
paranoia
inappropriate/constricted
anxiety

44
Q

Do pts with schizotypal personality d/o have delusions?

A

No, they have magical beliefs, delusions are “fixed beliefs”

45
Q

What are three common comorbid conditions in pts with schizotypal personality d/o?

A

substance abuse, depression, and anxiety

46
Q

Are support groups an option for tx of pts w/ schizotypal personality d/o?

A

Yes, if possible should utilize

47
Q

What are medications that can be helpful in the tx of pts w/ schizotypal personality d/o?

A

2nd generation antipsychotics such as risperidone and olanzipine

48
Q

What is the prevalence of antisocial d/o in males vs females (%)?

A

2-5% males

0.5-1% females

49
Q

Patients with antisocial d/o usually have a hx of _______

A

childhood behavior problems (conduct d/o)

50
Q

Upon young adulthood, pts w/ antisocial d/o have problems with _______, and are thus unable to ______

A

age-appropriate responsibilities

keep a job

51
Q

Often, pts with antisocial d/o are found to have committed _____ and _____ and have used ______

A

domestic abuse, criminal behavior, and have used aliases

52
Q

What populations of persons is antisocial d/o most common in?

A

Homeless, incarcerated, psychiatric inpatient, and substance abusers

53
Q

Are sx of antisocial d/o worse or better early on? Do they recede or progress as the pt ages?

A

worse early on in course

recede as pt ages

54
Q

What medications are options for tx of pts with antisocial d/o?

A

Lithium and valproic acid to tx aggression

Meds for comorbid anxiety, depression, ADHD

55
Q

Is CBT an option for tx of a pt with antisocial d/o?

A

Possibly

56
Q

What is the prevalence of borderline personality d/o?

A

6%

57
Q

In pts with borderline personality d/o, pts have a pervasive pattern of mood _____, ___/___ interpersonal relationships, and chronic “______”

A

instability
unstable/intense
“emptiness”

58
Q

____% of pts with borderline personality d/o will perform self-harm/mutilation, and there is a ____% suicide rate

A

75%

~10%

59
Q

Pts with borderline personality d/o fear _____

A

abandonment

60
Q

Pts with borderline personality d/o have marked _____

A

impulsivity

61
Q

______ has shown the most benefit in tx of borderline personality d/o

A

Therapy

62
Q

The 20 week STEPPS program has shown benefit for tx of pts with borderline personality d/o. What does STEPPS stand for?

A 
Systems
Training for
Emotional
Predictability and
Problem
Solving
63
Q

What are medications that can be used in the tx of a pt with borderline personality d/o?

A

SSRIs for comorbid depression and antipsychotics for perceptual disturbances, anger, and agitation (risperidone, valproic acid)

64
Q

What is the prevalence of histrionic personality d/o?

A

2%

65
Q

In pts with histrionic personality d/o, there is a pattern of excessive _____ and ______ behavior

A

emotionality and attention-seeking behavior

66
Q

In pts with histrionic personality d/o, there is an excessive concern w/ _____ and wanting to be _______

A

appearance, center of attention

67
Q

Often, pts with histrionic personality d/o are initially ____ and _____, but then ____ and _____

A

charming and gregarious

demanding and vain

68
Q

Do patients with histrionic personality d/o seek medical attention rarely or often?

A

Often!

69
Q

What is believed to be the cause of histrionic personality d/o?

A

unknown, but there is shown linkage to somatic sx and antisocial d/o

70
Q

What is the best option for tx of a pt with histrionic personality d/o?

A

Therapy, if agreeable

71
Q

Is group therapy useful for pts with histrionic personality d/o?

A

Yes, when tackling provocative or attention seeking behaviors

72
Q

What is the prevalence of narcissistic d/o?

A

6%

73
Q

Narcissistic d/o is characterized by _____, a lack of ____, and hypersensitivity to _____

A

grandiosity
empathy
evaluation by others

74
Q

Pts with narcissistic d/o inflate their _____, and exploit/manipulate those around them for ____

A

accomplishments

personal gain

75
Q

Pts with narcissistic d/o have an exaggerated sense of _____

A

entitlement

76
Q

Pts with narcissistic d/o may initially be very _____ and _____ to be around, but ultimately very difficult, haughty and temperamental

A

charming and exciting

77
Q

What is the mainstay of therapy for a pt with narcissistic d/o?

A

Therapy (CBT, psychodynamic, interpersonal therapies)

78
Q

Pts with narcissistic d/o usually seek tx for other sx such as ____ and ____, usually in combination with not receiving something they feel they deserved (_____, _____)

A

depression and anger

Job, promotion

79
Q

Pts with avoidant personality d/o usually are described as ____, _____, and _____

A

inhibited, introverted, and anxious

80
Q

Patients with avoidant personality d/o have a (low/high) self esteem, are hypersensitive to ____, and are socially awkward

A

low, rejection

81
Q

What is the mainstay of tx for pts with avoidant personality d/o?

A

Therapy

82
Q

Is group therapy beneficial for pts with avoidant personality d/o?

A

Yes

83
Q

What are medication options for pts with avoidant personality d/o?

A

BZD, SSRIs

84
Q

What is the prevalence of dependent personality d/o

A

0.5%

85
Q

Pts with dependent personality d/o rely on others/someone excessively for ______

A

emotional support

They exhibit submissive/clinging behavior related to excessive need to be taken care of

86
Q

What do some believe dependent personality d/o to be due to?

A

Disruption of early attachments or from over-protectiveness/parental authoritarianism in childhood

87
Q

Pts with dependent personality d/o commonly have _____ and _____

A

other personality d/o and other chronic medical conditions

88
Q

What is the best option for tx of pts with dependent personality d/o?

A

Therapy (CBT)

Focused assertiveness training, social skills training, tx comorbid conditions

89
Q

What prevalence does obsessive compulsive personality d/o have?

A

1-2%

90
Q

T/F: Obsessive compulsive personality d/o and obsessive compulsive d/o are different

A

True

91
Q

Obsessive compulsive personality d/o is characterized by _____ and _____

A

Perfectionism and over-conscientiousness

92
Q

Pts with obsessive compulsive personality d/o are preoccupied with ____, ____, and ____.

A

orderliness, perfectionism, and control

93
Q

What is the best option for therapy in a pt with obsessive compulsive personality d/o?

A

CBT

94
Q

Obsessive compulsive personality d/o is more common in patients with (low/high) level of education and SES

A

high

95
Q

What are two common comorbidities in pts with obsessive compulsive personality d/o?

A

mood and anxiety d/o

96
Q

Does obsessive compulsive personality d/o lead to OCD?

A

NO

97
Q

______ (medication) have been shown to be helpful w/ ritualistic tendencies and a decreased need for perfectionism in pts with obsessive compulsive personality d/o

A

SSRIs

Behavioral Med II (7 decks)

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