Personality + Chapter 11 Flashcards
3 components of personality:
The ID- operates according to the pleasure principle, immediate gratification to urges
The Ego- decision making principles which seeks to delay gratification until appropriate outlets and situations can be found
The Superego- moral component of personality and incorporates social standards about what’s right and wrong
What is in the 5 factor model?
Openness to experience Conscientiousness Extraversion Agreeableness Neuroticism
Similar to Hippocrates 4 humours
Differences between conscious and unconscious?
Conscious is whatever one is aware of and a particular time
Unconscious are thoughts, memories and desires below the surface
What are the 5 developmental periods?
1) Oral; stimulation of the mouth
2) Anal: erotic pleasures from bowel movements through feces
3) Phallic: gentials become the main focus through self stimulation
4) Latency: Expanding social contexts outside of the family
5) Gential: sexual urges appear on individuals if the opposite sex
What is the Oedipus complex?
Children manifest erotically tinged desires for other opposite parent while feeling hostility for the same sex parent
What is Jung’s analytical psychology?
Personal unconscious: material that is not within ones conscious awareness because it had been repressed
Collective unconscious: a storehouse of latent memory traced inherited from people’s ancestral past
Archetypes: emotionally charged images and though forms that have universal meaning
Introverts: then to be preoccupied with the internal world of thoughts and feelings
Extravets: interested in the external world of people and things
Alfred adlers perspective is? In terms of human mr ovulation
Human motivation is striving for superiority
Inferiority complex: inferiority feelings can become excessive
Psychodynamic perspectives pros and cons?
Pros :
Unconscious forces can influence behaviour
Internal conflict often plays a key role in generating psychological distress
Early childhood experiences influence adult personality
Cons:
Poor test ability: theory cannot be right or wrong
What are behavioural perspectives?
External environments mould behaviour
Positive reinforcement: present praise after behaviour
Negative reinforcement: remove bad stimulus to better behaviour
Positive punishment: adding bad stimulus to reduce behaviour
Negative punishment: removing benefits because of tardiness
What are banduras views on behavioural perspectives? (Conscious humans)
Humans are conscious, thinking feelings. Cognitive processes are the most important
What is reciprocal determinism?
The environment determines behaviour and people can shape these environments
What is Self-efficiency?
Ones belief about ones ability to perform behaviours that should have a specific outcome
What is Mischel’s perspective? (Person-situation controversy)
Person-situation controversy: whether the person or the situation are more influential on a persons behaviour
Abraham Maslows heirarchy shows what?
Need for self actualization is the need to fulfill ones potential, and is the highest in the hierarchy
Physiological needs are the lowest, followed by safety, love, esteem.
What are congruence and in congruence?
Congruence is the self concept meshes well with actual experience
Incongruencexdies not mesh well
