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Personality Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the key theories to personality?

A 
Schematic personality theory (Martens) 
psychodynamic theory  (Freud)
Trait theory (allport; Eysencks) 
Situation Approach (Bandura) 
Interactional Approach 
Phenomenological Approach
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2
Q

What are the key factors in martens schematic view of personality?

A 
Role related behaviour (social environment, dynamic, external, social environment) 
Typical responses 
Psychological core (internal, constant)
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3
Q

How would you describe the psychological core?

A

most basic level of personality

attitudes, values, interests, motives, beliefs

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4
Q

How would you describe the typical responses?

A

usual responses to the world around us

good indication of the psychological core

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5
Q

how would you describe the role-related behaviour?

A

action based on social situation
most changeable aspect of personality
different situations require you to play different roles

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6
Q

What does Freuds psychodynamic theory of personality state?

A

in- depth examination of the whole person
unconscious motives
personality is made up of 3 interacting points= The ID
The Ego
The superego

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7
Q

How would the ID be described?

A

Instinctive drive- unconscious, instinctual core of personality, pleasure seeking?

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8
Q

How would the EGO be described?

A

represents the conscious, logical reality- orientated aspect of personality

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9
Q

How would the SUPER EGO be described?

A

conscience of the individual- internalised moral standards impressed on the individual by parents / socialisation

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10
Q

What does the trait theory (Allport 1937; Eysencks 1967) propose?

A

Personality is defined in terms of traits possessed by individuals
Traits are stable, enduring and consistent across situations

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11
Q

An example of trait theory?

A

A competitive athlete is likely to remain competitive regardless of score/ situation

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12
Q

Critique of trait theory?

A

Simply knowing traits will not always predict behaviour e.g. some players get nervous in some situations but not others, traits states it should remain stable??

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13
Q

What does the situation approach (bandura- social learning) propose?

A

Human behaviour is function of social learning and the strength of the situation
The situation is most important factor in behaviour - learning occurs most through observational learning and social reinforcement (feedback/ rewards)

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14
Q

An example of social learning theory?

A

Bandura and the bobo doll

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15
Q

what is the interactional model theory ?

A

person and situation determine behaviour .

People with same personality may act differently to same situation

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16
Q

What does the phenomenological (perception) approach say?

A

behaviour is determined by trait and situation but its the examination of the persons understanding and interpretation of themselves and the environment

17
Q

How many personality traits does cattell suggest we have & 3 examples?

A

16
warmth
dominance
emotional stability

18
Q

What 6 factors are included on Eysencks model of personality?

A

Neuroticism- stability
psychoticism- superego
extraversion- introversion

19
Q

According to costa and mccrae what are the big- 5 personality dimensions ?

A 
Neuroticism
Extraversion 
Openness to experience 
Agreeableness
Conscientiousness
20
Q

How would you describe neuroticism ?

A

nervousness, anxiety, depression, anger verses emotional stability

21
Q

How would you describe extraversion?

A

enthusiasm, sociability, assertiveness, high activity level verses introversion

22
Q

how would you describe openness to experience?

A

originality, need for variety, curiosity, artistic sensitivity

23
Q

how would you describe agreeableness?

A

amiability, altruism, modesty , trust verses egocentrism, narcissism, scepticism

24
Q

how would you describe conscientiousness?

A

constraint, achievement striving, self- disciple

25
Q

Give an example of how sport choice can be effected by personality?

A

A player that is more introverted will play a individual sport and an extrovert a team sport as they are more social able, enthusiastic, like being with people, and have a high activity level.

Sports Psychology (4 decks)

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