Personal Trainer Case Studies Flashcards
Doman 1: Initial Client Consultation and Assessment
Bill should be characterized as meeting all defining criteria for ACSM risk factors for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease except:
a. hypertension
b. obesity
c. sedentary lifestyle
d. family history
d. family history
Doman 1: Initial Client Consultation and Assessment
According to his history and goals, your next session would occur when?
a. immediately, including high intensity exercise
b. immediately, only for resistance training
c. after meeting with the dietician
d. after medical clearance has been obtained
d. after medical clearance has been obtained
Doman 1: Initial Client Consultation and Assessment
Based on Bill’s fasting glucose level, he would be classified as
a. normal
b. prediabetic
c. hypoglycemic
d. diabetic
b. prediabetic
Doman 1: Initial Client Consultation and Assessment
What would be Bill’s estimated maximum HR (using the formula 220-age)?
a. 145 bpm
b. 158 bpm
c. 186 bpm
d. cannot be determined
b. 158 bpm
Doman 1: Initial Client Consultation and Assessment
Based on Bill’s lipid profile, he would be classified as
a. normal
b. hyperlipidemic
c. dyslipidemic
d. at risk for atherosclerosis
c. dyslipidemic
Domain 2 Case Study 1: Exercise Programming and Implementation
Which of the following is an appropriate frequency, intensity, time, and type (FITT) exercise prescription for Marie?
a. Continue with current aerobic program of moderate intensity running for 150-225 min/wk. Use resistance bands, machines, and body weight exercises in place of free weights and perform high repitition sets (12-15 reps) to moderate fatigue at 40-60% of estimated 1-RM. Include at least 10 min 2-3 d/wk of flexibility exercise
b. Decrease current aerobic program to a maximum of 150 min/wk. Include resistance exercises targeting large muscle groups at a frequency of 3 d/wk and intensity of 50-80% of estimated 1-RM; 3 sets of 8-10 reps using free weights should be performed. Include at least 10 min 2-3 d/wk of flexibility exercise.
c. Continue with current aerobic program of moderate intensity running for 150-225 min/wk. Include resistance exercises targeting large muscle groups at a frequency of 3 d/wk and intensity 50-80% of estimated 1-RM; 3 sets of 8-10 reps using free weights should be performed. Include at least 10 min 2-3 d/wk of flexibility exercise.
d. Decrease current aerobic program to a maximum of 150 min/wk. Use resistance bands, machines, and body weight exercises in place of free weights and perform high rep sets (12-15 reps) to moderate fatigue at 40-60% of estimated 1-RM. Include at least 10 min 2-3 d/wk of flexibility exercise.
a. Continue with current aerobic program of moderate intensity running for 150-225 min/wk. Use resistance bands, machines, and body weight exercises in place of free weights and perform high repitition sets (12-15 reps) to moderate fatigue at 40-60% of estimated 1-RM. Include at least 10 min 2-3 d/wk of flexibility exercise
Domain 2 Case Study 1: Exercise Programming and Implementation
Which of the following would be a safe exercise testing assessment for Marie if she has an uncomplicated pregnancy?
a. submax cycle ergometer testing; YMCA cycle ergometer protocol
b. maximal treadmill test using a Bruse protocol
c. submax treadmill test using a modified Balke protocol
d. both A and C
d. both A and C
All of the following are appropriate exercise modifications during pregnancy for Marie except
a. swim, cycle, or elliptical trainer if low back pain or joint pain occur
b. transition from using free weights to weight machines and resistance bands
c. decrease aerobic activity from moderate-vigorous to light activity only
d. run on a treadmill or track instead of a sidewalk
c. decrease aerobic activity from moderate-vigorous to light activity only
Domain 2 Case Study 1: Exercise Programming and Implementation
Which of the following is an appropriate method of monitoring exercise intensity for Marie?
a. %HRR or %HR max (i.e., target HR)
b. The talk test
c. %VO2R (i.e., target VO2)
d. Rating of perceived exertion (RPE)
e. both B and D
e. both B and D
Domain 2 Case Study 1: Exercise Programming and Implementation
All of the following are warning signs to terminate exercise during pregnancy except
a. severe dizziness or headache
b. chest pain
c. calf pain or swelling
d. increased fetal movement
d. increased fetal movement
Domain 2 Case Study 2: Exercise Programming and Implementation
Based on Roger’s profile, the initial phase of his resistance training program should include (all RPE values refer to a 10-point scale)
a. training each muscle group for 3-6 sets with 3-5 reps at a high intensity of >/=85% of 1-RM per set, with a rest interval of 5 min between sets at an RPE of 8-9
b. training each muscle group for 2 sets with 15-25 reps at a low intensity of </=50% of 1-RM per set , with a rest interval of 1 min between sets at an RPE of 3-4
c. training each muscle group for 2-4 sets with 8-12 reps at a moderate to high intensity of >60%-80% of 1-RM per set, with a rest interval of 3-5 min between sets at an RPE of 7-8
d. training each muscle group for >/= 1 set with 10-15 reps at a moderate intensity of 60-70% of 1-RM per set, wth a rest interval of 2-3 min between sets at an RPE of 5-6
d. training each muscle group for >/= 1 set with 10-15 reps at a moderate intensity of 60-70% of 1-RM per set, wth a rest interval of 2-3 min between sets at an RPE of 5-6
Domain 2 Case Study 2: Exercise Programming and Implementation
During the first 4 wk, Roger’s aerobic exercise program should include everything below except
a. >/= 5 d/wk at an intensity of 40%-75% of VO2R or HRR
b. Exercises performed primarily in an upright or standing position
c. an initial exercise HR and MET range of approximately 146-170 bpm and 7-7.8 METs respectively
d. a gradual weekly increase in exercise volume
c. an initial exercise HR and MET range of approximately 146-170 bpm and 7-7.8 METs respectively
Domain 2 Case Study 2: Exercise Programming and Implementation
Roger wants to achieve an exercise volume of 1,000 MET-min/wk. How long must each of his aerobic exercise sessions last if he is working at an exercise intensity of 5 METs 5 times per week? How many kcals would he expend at the end of the week if he did this?
a. 20 min/session; 831 kcal/wk
b. 40 min/session; 1,670 kcal/wk
c. 60 min/session; 2,494 kcal/wk
d. 80 min per session; 3,325 kcal/wk
b. 40 min/session; 1,670 kcal/wk
Convert METs to kcal/min: kcal/min= (METs)(3.5 mL/kg*min)(kg)/(1000)(5)
Domain 2 Case Study 2: Exercise Programming and Implementation
Which initial resistance training workout will best enable Roger to safely enhance his muscle function and perform better during his follow up fitness assessments?
a. Bicep curls, triceps pushdowns, knee extensions, chest flys, sit ups, lateral shoulder raises, front shoulder raises, straight leg raises and reverse sit ups, weighted side bends, accompanied by posterior shoulder and standing floor touch stretches
b. Straight leg deadlifts, barbell rows, barbell squats, roman chair sit ups, barbell bench press, bent over rear shoulder dumbbell raises, standing barbell bicep curls, overhead dumbbell triceps extensions, Russian twists, accompanied by posterior shoulder and standing toe touch stretches
c Machine hack squats, prone ham curls, seated machine trunk rotation, seated machine back extensions, seated machine scapular rows (cable), standing barbell shoulder press, barbell lunges, lying barbell triceps press, decline barbell press, preacher barbell bicep curl, accompanied by prone trunk rotation and knee hig and supine double knee hug stretches
d. Wall squats, body weight lunges, supine stability ball ham curls, standing cable chest press, cable scapular row in standing, machine shoulder press, latissimus dorsi pull downs, opposite arm-leg raises (bird dogs) in quadruped position, modified side bridges (side plank) with knees flexted, prone planks from the knees, accompanied by hip flexor and pectoral stretches
d. Wall squats, body weight lunges, supine stability ball ham curls, standing cable chest press, cable scapular row in standing, machine shoulder press, latissimus dorsi pull downs, opposite arm-leg raises (bird dogs) in quadruped position, modified side bridges (side plank) with knees flexted, prone planks from the knees, accompanied by hip flexor and pectoral stretches
Domain 2 Case Study 2: Exercise Programming and Implementation
Roger wants to begin playing competative 3 on 3 basketball (approx. an 8-MET activity) as an enjoyable means of attaining some of his goals. His maximal aerobic capacity is approximately 9 METs and his initial training intensity range will be between 60% and 80% of VO2 reserve or HRR. What is the corresponding MET range for him as he begins in his exercise program over the first 4 wk? Is basketball within this range?
a. Between 2.8 and 4.4 METs; no, basketball exceeds his current prescribed intensity range
b. Between 3.8 and 5.4 METs; yes, basketball is within his prescribed intensity range
c. between 4.8 and 6.4 METs; yes, basketball within his prescribed intensity range
d. between 5.8 and 7.4 METs; no, basketball exceeds his current prescribed intensity range
d. between 5.8 and 7.4 METs; no, basketball exceeds his current prescribed intensity range
Domanin 3 Study 1: Exercise Leadership and Client Education
What is her weight class based on her BMI?
a. overweight
b. class 1 obesity
c. class 2 obesity
d. class 3 obesity
c. class 2 obesity
Domanin 3 Study 1: Exercise Leadership and Client Education
Barbara would like to lose the minimal amount of weight to achieve a BMI that puts her in the “normal” weight category. How much weight will she need to lose to achieve this goal? Choose the closest answer.
a. 42 lb
b. 68 lb
c. 75 lb
d. 86 lb
b. 68 lb
Domanin 3 Study 1: Exercise Leadership and Client Education
Barbara calculated that she has reduced her caloric intake by 200 kcal/day. At this rate, with no additional energy expenditure, how many pounds will she lose in 1 wk?
a. 0.4 lb
b. 0.6 lb
c. 0.8 lb
d. 1.0 lb
a. 0.4 lb
3,500 kcal in 1 lb; she is reducing 1400 kcal/wk; divide 1400 by 3,500
Domanin 3 Study 1: Exercise Leadership and Client Education
What would Barbara’s recommended caloric deficit each day need to be in order to meet ACSM’s guidelines for weight loss?
a. 150-300 kcal
b. 250-500 kcal
c. 500-1,000 kcal
d. 750-1,250 kcal
c. 500-1,000 kcal
ACSM rec: lose 1-2 lb/wk; caloric def of 3,500-7,000/wk or 500-1,000/day
Domanin 3 Study 1: Exercise Leadership and Client Education
Weight loss would be an example of what type of motivation for barbara? Keeping up with her grandson would be what type of motivation?
a. extrinsic and intrinsic
b. extrinsic and extrinsic
c. intrinsic and intrinsic
d. intrinsic and extrinsic
a. extrinsic and intrinsic
Domanin 3 Study 2: Exercise Leadership and Client Education
What is Carl’s BMI?
a. 35.4 kg/m2
b. 28.1 kg/m2
c. 31.8 kg/m2
d. 22.2 kg.m2
c. 31.8 kg/m2
Domanin 3 Study 2: Exercise Leadership and Client Education
What is his BMI classification?
a. normal
b. underweight
c. overweight
d. class 1 obesity
d. class 1 obesity
Domanin 3 Study 2: Exercise Leadership and Client Education
You evaluate Carl’s readiness to change and according to the transtheoretical model of behavoior change, what stage of readiness is Carl currently experiencing?
a. action
b. preparation
c. contemplation
d. maitenance
b. preparation
Domanin 3 Study 2: Exercise Leadership and Client Education
In order to help Carl become successful at his behavioral change, what strategy can you use to move Carl to the next stage?
a. make a list of activities Carl likes so he won’t get bored with his exercise
b. teach Carl about the benefits of regular exercise
c. emphasize self-liberation by helping Carl make a firm commitment to a goal and a start date
d. have Carl list hte places around his home where he can be active (i.e., the park)
c. emphasize self-liberation by helping Carl make a firm commitment to a goal and a start date
Domanin 3 Study 2: Exercise Leadership and Client Education
What is Carl’s daily energy intake of carbs, fats, and proteins?
a. 460 protein, 1,600 carb, 540 fat
b. 1,600 protein, 460 carb, 540 fat
c. 1,560 carb, 520 protein, 520 fat
d. 1,040 carb, 780 protein, 780 fat
a. 460 protein, 1,600 carb, 540 fat
1 g of carb=~4cal; 1 g of fat=~9cal; 1 g of protein=~4cal
Domanin 3 Study 2: Exercise Leadership and Client Education
According to the socioecological model, the park close to Carl’s house is an example of a
a. microsystem
b. mesosystem
c. exocystem
d. macrosystem
b. mesosystem
Domanin 3 Study 2: Exercise Leadership and Client Education
Carl sets a long-term goal of losing 20 lb at a rate of 1 lb/wk. Assuming he will burn 2,000 cal thorugh exercise each week and assuming all his weight loss is fat mass, what his his target for daily caloric intake?
a. 2,386 cal
b. 1,572 cal
c. 984 cal
d. 2,466 cal
d. 2,466 cal
creates additional 1,500 kcal deficit; decrease caloric intake by 214
Domain 4: Legal, Professional, Business, and Marketing
During consultation with a new personal training client, you are recording her health history and she tells you she has high B{ and high cholesterol,. Her doctor wants her to start exercising and that is why she joined the gym. She states her BP is 138/86 mm Hg and her total cholesterol is 220 mg/dL. You would like to start her out walking or using the stationary bike and doing light resistance exercises; however, before this can begin, she needs to
a. have a medically supervised maximal graded exercise test (GXT)
b. Have a submax test with a physician present
c. have a max GXT without a physician present
d. have physician consent form signed
d. have physician consent formed signed
Domain 4: Legal, Professional, Business, and Marketing
While you are working the floor, you notice a member performing a push-up with his feet on the stability ball and his hands grasping the handles of a machine. What is the best course of action for you?
a. watch and cheer him on
b. explain to him the risks do not outweigh the benefits and how he can get hurt from this exercise
c. hold the stability ball so it will not roll away
d. stand close to him in case he loses control of the cable handles
b. explain to him the risks do not outweigh the benefits and how he can get hurt from this exercise
Domain 4: Legal, Professional, Business, and Marketing
The facility manager has asked for help promoting the gym to the neighboring communities. You suggest she
a. use social media exclusively
b. put flyers up in the group fitness room
c. have the front desk staff greeters hand flyers out to each member
d. use direct mail and host a fitness activity in the neighborhood park
d. use direct mail and host a fitness activity in the neighborhood park
Domain 4: Legal, Professional, Business, and Marketing
A member comes to you and states he has a superior labral tear from anterior to posterior lesion in his right shoulder from years ago that he never had repaired. He wants you to show him exercises to help treat his shoulder. What should you do?
a. try to convert him to a client
b. show him the close grip dumbbell bench press exercise but stay away from other free weights
c. refer him to his physician or physical therapist
d. teach him to work his biceps and triceps and not address the glenohumeral joint
c. refer him to his physician or physical therapist
Domain 4: Legal, Professional, Business, and Marketing
While walking on the treadmill, one of the members attempted to remove her sweatshirt without stopping the treatmill. She fell while the belt was still moving and was thrown off the treadmill. As you help her, you discover that she has a few abrasions but nothing serious. She wants to finish her workout. What should you do?
a. Make her go home and rest for the day
b. write an incident report describing what happened and have her sign it
c. give her a few adhesive bandages and leave her alone
d. try to convert her to be your client
b. write an incident report describing what happened and have her sign it
Domain 4: Legal, Professional, Business, and Marketing
During an initial interview with a client, you review the informed consent form. The purpose of this form is to
a. protect you from any legal action on the part of the client
b. provide info to the client regarding participation options and risks
c. prove you are not negligent
d. open a discussion about assessments
b. provide info to the client regarding participation options and risks
One of the members would like to attend a circuit class you are teaching. He asks if you think he can handle it because he suffered a second-degree hamstring strain 3 wks ago. What are the signs of a second degree hamstring strain?
a. inability to contract the muscle
b. loss of sensation
c. painful active contraction with limited ROM
d. point tenderness
c. painful active contraction with limited ROM
