Person-centred care

Question 1

What are non-modifiable risk factors?

Answer 1

Age
Family history
Biological sex
Ethnicity
Certain co-morbidities

Question 2

What are modifiable risk factors?

Answer 2

High blood pressure
Physical inactivity
Obesity
Unhealthy diet (high saturated fat, salt, caffeine)
Diabetes
Alcohol, smoking
Poor mental health, stress
Low socioeconomic status

Question 3

How do you communicate cardovascular risk?

Answer 3

explain what the score means
- natural frequencies not %
- 10 year chance
- simplify the maths
make it personalised to them
emphasise self control
- lifestyle changes etc

Question 4

How can you support people to make lifestyle changes?

Answer 4

• motivational interviewing - brief psychotherapy
• MI - a collaborative, goal-oriented style of communication
• explore a persons reasons to change
• create atmosphere of acceptanceand compassion

Question 5

What is ambivalence?

Answer 5

• a NORMAL part of behaviour change
• can feel like resistance

Question 6

What are three things to avoid?

Answer 6

• lots of advice on how to change before convincing patient
• telling what to do
• arguing with patient