Persistent Dieters Flashcards
1
Q
Where does the eat less move more come from?
A
- in the 60s were actually eating more kcal, but moving much more. Therefore energy was balanced
- now, although eating comparatively less, we are moving far less, therefore we are in a positive energy balance
2
Q
Why lose weight? Clinician and patient persepctive
A
- clinician: LOOK AHEAD trial found a 2.5% weight loss improved glycaemia, 5% improved BP, 10% improved sleep apnoea, 16% improved CVD and mortality
- patients: improves QoL, no longer fear mortality, feel more socially included
3
Q
Common features of FAD diets
A
- ritual, sacrifice, detoxification, magical food combinations
- dramatic and rapid weight loss
- unbalanced meals with low energy
- monotonous food choices
- unlimited foods of some type
- liquid formulas
- jargon and scientific ‘half-truths’
- physical activity is ignored
4
Q
The issue with fad diets: metabolic, psychological, physical
A
- metabolic: preferential muscle loss for gluconeogenesis
- psychological: focus on food, increased binges, disinhibition
- physical: high risk of many nutrient deficiencies
5
Q
Yo yo dieting
A
- doesnt necessarily lead to muscle loss but very psychologically disheartening
- physiological improvements in glycaemia etc are ‘banked’
6
Q
VLCD: direct trial, contraindications
A
- can lead to rapid weight loss and may be especially beneficial in the very obese to reduce pancreatic and liver fat
- direct trial had 840 kcal per day ‘soups and shakes’ diet for 3-5 months with a 2-8 week food reintroduction. Led to 48% diabetes remission, and was greatest in those who achieved 10kg plus weight loss
- contraindications: pregnant/lactating women, children, elderly, osteoporosis, ED, cardiac/renal/hepatic disorders
7
Q
Comparing low fat to low cho diets
A
- lead to very similar fat loss
- low CHO leads to overall more weight loss due to loss of water weight
- but very little difference between them
