Persian Wars Flashcards
Who fought in the Battle of the Marathon?
Persia vs. Athens
Which Greek city-state was in charge of the Delian League?
Athens
What was the purpose of the Delian League?
To protect the Greek city-states in case the Persians returned after the Persian War
What happened to the Delian League?
Athens started to get bossy which made the other city-states mad. It led to a civil war called the Peloponnesian war between Athens and the other Greek city-states.
What was the name of the Athenian General that fought in the Battle of Salamis?
Themistocles
Who ended up winning the Persian Wars?
Greece
Who fought in the battle of Thermopylae?
Persia vs. Sparta
Who fought in the battle of Salamis?
Persia vs. Other Greek city-states
What was the only battle of the Persian Wars that Persia won?
Battle of Thermopylae
Greece only lost one battle in the Persian Wars.
This is true
What Athenian leader fought in the Battle of Marathon?
Militades
Was King Darius’s child a boy or a girl?
Boy
What was King Darius’s son’s name?
Xerxes
Which Persian King fought in the Battle of the Marathon?
King Darius
What Persian king fought in both the Battle of Thermopylae and Salamis?
King Xerxes
What did King Cyrus do to avoid revolts by the people he conquered?
He treated them fairly.
What was the first super highway that went across the Persian Empire?
The Royal Road
Which religion did the ancient Persians follow?
Zoroastrianism
How many gods did Zoroastrianism believe in?
One
What was the Persian Empire broken into to manage it’s large population?
Satraps (Governors)
What was the final battle of the Persian Wars?
The battle of Platea
Which Persian Wars battle was fought at sea?
The battle of Salamis
Which Persian Wars battle was fought first?
The battle of the Marathon
There were 500 Brave Spartans
This is false
Who wrote about the history of the Persian Wars?
Herodotus
Who was the first King of Persia?
King Cyrus
What was the formation used by Greek soldiers to enter battle?
Phalanx
Which Greek king died heroically at the Battle of Thermopylae?
King Leonidas
What Spartan King fought in the Battle of Thermopylae?
King Leonidas
Where did the Battle of Marathon take place?
Mainland Greece on a plain north of Athens
Where did the Battle of Thermopylae take place?
Mainland Greece on a mountain pass north of Athens
How did the Battle of Thermopylae start?
A Greek traitor brought Persians to attack from the rear
In the Battle of Salamis, the Greeks lost…
40 ships compared to Persia’s 300 ships
Who won the Battle of Salamis?
Athens + the Greek city-states
In the Battle of Thermopylae, who stayed to fight the Persians while Athens was evacuated?
300 Spartan soldiers
After the Battle of Marathon, a messenger ran 26.2 miles back to Athens and yelled…
Nike (Victory)
How did the Battle of Thermopylae end?
Athens is destroyed and Leonidas dies
Greece advantage over the Persians were
a better strategy
Famous runner who ran from Athens to Sparta then back. He is most famous for his 25 mile run from marathon to Athens where he collapsed and died from extreme exhaustion
Pheidippides
The Persians expanded their Empire by
conquering its neighbors
Fortune tellers, the givers of prophecy who communicated with the gods…Sparta received a message saying this was not the right time for a war.
Oracle
One of two Spartan kings. He led 300 of his personal body guards to fight the Persians at Thermopylae.
King Leonidas
Why did the Greeks care about Ionia?
The Greeks had established wealthy settlements there
Why did King Darius ask for presents of earth and water
Because this would mean that the Greeks had accepted Persian rule.
What was the outcome of the Ionian revolt?
The Persian army punished the Ionians
Narrow water passage connecting the Aegean and Black Seas. It was here that Xerxes had his soldiers whip the sea after Poseidon destroyed his pontoon bridge (floating bridge made of ships).
Hellespont
Location of a great naval battle, where the united Greek forces defeated the Persians. Between the narrow shores the smaller, lighter ships of the Greeks were able to out maneuver the larger, heavier Persian ships
Salamis
