Ancient Greece Test 1 Flashcards
Why did Greek city-states have to set colonies up?
to cope with the growing population and demand for resources
What is a city-state?
isolated areas that were run by the citizens of that place
What is an acropolis and where is it located?
citizens could refuge when attacked; honor gods (by building temples; edge of the city
What is an agora and where is it located?
a gathering place; center of athletic, artistic, spiritual and political life of the city; beneath acropolis
Who could be a citizen of a city-states?
only native-born Greek men who owned land and were not slaves
What is a phalanx?
a technique when to go to war; rows of hoplites; marched together, shoulder to shoulder; used shields and spears to protect
What is another term for a city-state?
polis
What continent is Greece on?
Europe
What is a land mass with water on 3 sides called?
peninsula
How did the terrain of Greece affect the sharing of ideas of trading?
the land is mountainous and its hard to farm for crops
What crops were grown?
people with a lot of land oats, wheat, barley; not a lot of land olives and grapes
Neighbors & Surrounding Water
Today: Albania, Macedonia, Bulgaria, Turkey, Italy
Water: east - Aegean Sea, south - Mediterranean Sea, west - Ionian Sea
What is the land like?
mountainous; peninsula
Islands
lots of tiny islands (3,000)
Animals
sheep and goats as they did not require a lot of land
Terrace Farming
sloped plane, or stairs; effective farming
Trade
traded olive oil, honey, cheese, figs, pottery, wine for wood, tools, perfume, grains
Monarchy
one person or family has all the power
Oligarchy
ruling power in the hands of a few people
Tyrant
1 person took control by taking control.
Democracy
the people share the talent
Which city-state had the first democracy?
Athens
Which city-state was most famous for their oligarchy?
Sparta
What started the Trojan War?
Prince Paris stole Helen from Menelaus and Agamemnon saw opportunity for war
Where does the Trojan War take place?
first 9 years in Troy and other neighboring countries
Who is fighting in the Trojan War?
Mycenaeans and Troy
Who is Paris?
most handsome prince in Troy; chosen to give the chosen apple to one of the gods
Which goddess was chosen the fairest and said she would bring the most beautiful woman?
Aphrodite
Who is the most beautiful woman?
Helen
What idea was created to get through the Trojan walls? Whose idea was it?
Trojan Horse; the idea was from Odysseus
How long did the Trojan War last?
10 years
In what book is the Trojan War written?
The Iliad; Homer most famous writer
Where did the Minoan civilization start?
Island of Crete
What kind of government did the Minoans have?
monarchy
What are 3 achievements of the Minoan civilization?
running water; frescos (art on walls); gold and silver on statues, bronze for weaponry
What are a couple of theories of how the Minoan civilization ended?
earthquake on land; Mycenaeans invade
Where did the Mycenaeans civilization start?
Central Asia; Peloponnesus Peninsula
What were the Mycenaeans know for?
very educated, very war-like, steal inventions
List a theory of how the Mycenaeans civilization ended.
earthquake; invading people and wars led to economic strain
Where did the Dorian civilization start?
north then came to mainland Greece
What was the Dark Age that the Dorians went through? How did this impact the economy?
lights were out, complete darkness; no written record found
Where did the Hellenes civilization start?
city-state on mainland Greece
What were the Hellenes know for?
alphabet (24 letters); oral stories passed
What is a theory of how the Hellenes civilization ended?
inability to unify; Macedonia conquer; conflict with Persia
What is a theory of how the Dorian civilization ended?
return of Hellenes; constant fighting
