Persian Rulers Flashcards
Cyrys the Great
Founded Persian Empire and established the Achaemenid Dynasty. Ruled from approximately 559–529 BCE. Commissioned the ‘Cyrus Cylinder,’ the world’s first human rights charter.
Xerxes I
Ruled the Achaemenid Empire from 486–465 BCE. Son of Darius I. His most notable accomplishment was the invasion of Greece.
Sogdians
Ruled the Achaemenid Empire from 424–423 BCE. Son of Artaxerxes I. Assassinated by his brother, Darius II.
Xerxes II
Ruled the Achaemenid Empire from 425–424 BCE. Son of Artaxerxes I. Assassinated by his brother, Sogdianus.
Darius III
Ruled as the last monarch of the Achaemenid Empire from 336–330 BCE. A distant relative of Arses. He was defeated by Alexander the Great at a battle in Issus.
Artaxerxes II
Ruled the Achaemenid Empire from 404–359/358 BCE. Son of Darius II. Persia lost its rule over Egypt during his reign.
Darius I
Ruled the Achaemenid Empire from 522–486 BCE. Expanded the empire to a size more vast than that of ancient Rome.
Artaxerxes III
Ruled over the Achaemenid Empire and served as Pharaoh in Egypt from 359/358–338 BCE. Son of Artaxerxes II. Restored Persian control over Egypt.
Cambyses II
Ruled the Achaemenid Empire from 529–522 BCE. Son of Cyrus the Great. Invaded and conquered Egypt.
Arses
Ataxerxes IV. Ruled the Achaemenid Empire from 338–336 BCE. Son of Artaxerxes III. He and his family were killed by a political adviser.
Darius II
Ruled the Achaemenid Empire from 423–404 BCE. Son of Artaxerxes I. Known for supporting Sparta in its war with Athens.
Artaxerxes I
Ruled the Achaemenid Empire from 465–425 BCE. Son of Xerxes I. Was able to quell several attempted rebellions in Egypt during his reign.