Perpetuation of Life Flashcards
1
Q
- period from birth to the natural death of an organism
A
Life Span
2
Q
- immature, rapid development phase of an organism
A
Juvenile
3
Q
- mature, capable of producing sex cells or reproduce phase of an organism
A
Reproductive
4
Q
- phase of an organism where condition deteriorates with age, loss of cell’s capacity to grow and divide
A
Senescence
5
Q
- ability to produce new living organisms
- ensures the survival of the species
A
Reproduction
6
Q
- genes are passed from parents to offspring
A
Heredity
7
Q
- chromosomes carry the unit of heredity called genes
A
- Chromosomal Theory of Inheritance
8
Q
- arranged, compacted long DNA strand which carries genetic information
A
Chromosome
9
Q
- a segment of DNA that codes for a specific protein
A
Gene
10
Q
Amount of pairs or pieces of chromosomes in humans
A
23 pairs or 46 pcs
11
Q
- involves two organisms
- gametes are produced via meiosis
- somatic cells developed via mitosis
- offspring shows genetic variation
- number of offsprings produced is less
A
Sexual Reproduction
12
Q
- involves one organism
- no gametes (sex cells) are produced
- somatic cells (body cells) are divided via mitosis
- offsprings are genetically identical to parents
- large number of organisms can be produced in a short period of time
A
Asexual Reproduction
13
Q
- type of asexual reproduction (plants and animals)
- splitting of the cell by mitosis
- entire cell becomes a reproductive unit
- unicellular animals like Amoeba and Paramecium
- in multiple _______, daughter cells are called spores
A
Fission (Binary/Multiple)
14
Q
- type of asexual reproduction (plants and animals)
- offspring grows out of the body of the parent
A
Budding
15
Q
- type of asexual reproduction (plants and animals)
- occurs when the body of the parent breaks into distinct pieces, each being able to produce an offspring
A
Fragmentation
16
Q
- type of asexual reproduction
- if a piece of a parent is detached, it can grow and develop into a completely new individual
A
Regeneration
17
Q
- type of asexual reproduction
- a female animal produces eggs that develop without being fertilized
A
Parthenogenesis
18
Q
- type of sexual reproduction
- the fusion of male and female gametes / union of the sperm and egg cells
- internal and external
A
Fertilization
19
Q
- type of sexual reproduction
- the condition of having both male and female reproductive organs
A
Hermaphroditism
20
Q
- asexual reproduction (plants)
- reproductive cells can germinate into new individuals without fertilization
- carried by air and water
A
Spore Formation
21
Q
- asexual reproduction (plants)
- takes place through fragmentation or by special asexual structures (tubers, stolons, rhizomes, corms, and bulbs).
- develops specialized structures to form new plants that are identical to them
- natural or artificial
A
Vegetative Reproduction
22
Q
- type of reproduction in plants from its vegetative parts or specialized structures
- type of vegetative reproduction
A
Natural
23
Q
- type of vegetative reproduction
- leaves, roots, or stems, are cut, leading them to grow and become new plants if kept under proper environmental conditions
A
Artificial
24
Q
- above the ground runner
- a slender lateral branch
- originates from underground
- grows horizontally outwards
A
Stolon
25
- underground runner
- modified stem for storage and reproduction
Rhizomes
26
- enlarged structures used as food storage
Tubers
27
- short stems
- encased in fleshy leaves
- leaves are swollen with stored food
Bulbs
28
- thicker stem, thinner leaves
- gladiolus
Corm
29
- small, young plants that grow on leaf margins
Plantlets
30
- a piece of stem or root that can grow to a new plants
- Artificial
Cutting
31
- part of aerial stem grows roots then detaches as an independent plant
- artificial
Layering/Marcotting
32
- process of transplanting living tissue from one plant to another
- artificial
Grafting
33
- kind of grafting in which the scion is a bud
- artificial
Budding
34
- seedlings is produced from individual plant cells grown in a laboratory
- artificial
Tissue Culture
35
- produces pollen in male organs
Anther
36
- elongated stalk
Filament
37
- receives pollen in female organs
Stigma
38
- connection
Style
39
- where eggs (ovule) are located
Ovary
40
- transfer of pollen from anther to stigma
Pollination
41
- within the same flower
- bisexual / hermaphrodite plant
Self-Pollination
42
- from one flower to another flower
- monoecious and dioecious plants
Cross pollination
43
- petals are colored and scented
- pollens stick to animals
- stigma is stick to retain the pollens
Animal Pollination
44
- petals are small, green, and has no scent
- anthers are exposed outside
- lightweight pollen grains
Wind pollination
