Life Science

Question 1

the study of living organisms and their interactions with one another and their environments

Answer 1

Biology

Question 2

(True or False)
- So far, life is only restricted to planet Earth

Answer 2

True

Question 3

where did complex biological molecules possibly arise from?

Answer 3

random associations of chemicals in the early environment

Question 4

critical step for evolution of life

Answer 4

formation of nucleic acids

Question 5

is produced from the information contained in nucleic acids

Answer 5

proteins

Question 6

is formed when biological molecules are enclosed in membranes

Answer 6

cell

Question 7

separates the cell from the surrounding environment

Answer 7

Membranes

Question 8

form membrane-like films in water

Answer 8

Fatty acids

Question 9

• organisms whose cells lack a nucleus and other organelles
• early _______ were confined to oceans, protected from UV light

Answer 9

Prokaryotes

Question 10

• energy of sunlight is transformed into the chemical bond energy of biological molecules
• uses sunlight to turn carbon dioxide into sugars that the cell can use as energy
• O^2 was a by product of this process

Answer 10

Photosynthesis

Question 11

the first photosynthetic organisms on Earth

Answer 11

Cyanobacteria

Question 12

• is apparent in a hierarchy of levels from molecules to ecosystems
• is essential for cells to function in a multicellular organism, which has many levels of this

Answer 12

Organization

Question 13

photosynthesis via chloroplast

Answer 13

Autotrophs

Question 14

what a plant needs to perform photosynthesis

Answer 14

Water, Carbon Dioxide, Sunlight

Question 14

Cell respiration via Mitochondria
- relies on sugars produced by ____trophs for their energy needs
- ex. animals, fungi, and most bacteria

Answer 14

Heterotrophs

Question 14

• the study of energy flow through a living system

Answer 14

Bionergetics

Question 15

• all chemical reactions of a cell or organism

Answer 15

Metabolism

Question 16

a series of biochemical reactions that convert one or more substrates into a final product

Answer 16

Metabolic Pathways

Question 17

• pathway that requires energy and synthesize larger molecules

Answer 17

Anabolic/Anabolism

Question 18

• pathway that releases energy and breaks down large molecules into smaller molecules

Answer 18

Catabolic/Catabolism

Question 19

• type of autotroph
• use sunlight to make food
• include plants, algae, and cyanobacteria

Answer 19

Photoautotrops

Question 20

• type of autotroph
• capture energy from inorganic compounds to make food
• ex. thermophilic bacteria

Answer 20

Chemoautotrops

Question 21

• a linear sequence of organisms through which nutrients and energy pass

Answer 21

Food Chain

Question 22

• the bottom of the food chain, usually photosynthetic organisms
• plants, and/or phytoplankton

Answer 22

Primary Producer

Question 23

consumes the primary producer

Answer 23

Primary consumer

Question 24

• usually carnivores
• eats the primary consumers

Answer 24

Secondary Consumers

Question 25

• highest level consumer in the ecosystem

Answer 25

Apex Consumer