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Anatomy Test 2 > Peritoneum and upper abdomen > Flashcards

Peritoneum and upper abdomen Flashcards

1
Q

descibe peritoneum

A

thin translucent serous membrane that lines the inner abdominal wall cont. w/ visceral peritoneum

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2
Q

vessels w/in the abdomen are generally located….

A

between the peritoneal layers

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3
Q

what is the paritoneal cavity

A

potential space coated w/ serous fluid between viseral and parietal paritoneum that lets organs move

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4
Q

if the peritoneal space becomes an actual space it can fill with…

A

ascites (several liters of fluid), gas and microbes

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5
Q

lesser omentum is formed from…

A

hepatoduodenal ligament and hepatogastric ligament

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6
Q

hepatogastric ligament is…

A

a double layered fold of peritoneum connecting the liver and stomach stabalizing it

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7
Q

what runs w/in the hepatoduodenal ligament?

A

portal triad

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8
Q

what’s included in the portal triad?

A

hepatic artery
bile duct
hepatic portal vein

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9
Q

greater omentum extends from…

A

greater curvature of stomach down over small intestines then reattaches at transverse colon

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10
Q

what’s the apron part of the greater omentum called? and how many layer is it?

A

gastrocolic ligament - 4 layers which are almost completely fused

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11
Q

fcn and probs of greater omentum

A

walls off infections and inflammation but can result in adhesions which limit movement

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12
Q

what’s the omental bursa

A

opening w/in lesser omentum

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13
Q

where does lesser omentum attach

A

lesser curvature of stomach and duodeum and liver

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14
Q

where is epiploic foramen and what does it open into

A

lateral to hepatoduodenal ligament and opens into omental bursa

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15
Q

what double layered fan shaped structure connectus the sm intestines to post wall?

A

mesentary proper

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16
Q

what sections of the small intestines does the mesentary proper anchor?

A

everything from the duodenojejunal jcn to the ileocecal jcn

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17
Q

what anchors the duodenum to the posterior wall?

A

suspensory ligament of treitz

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18
Q

where does the suspensory ligament of treitz attach?

A

from the right crux of the diaphragm to duodenum at duodenojejunal jcn

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19
Q

what does the mesocolon anchor?

A

sigmoid and transverse colon to the posterior abdominal wall can be differentiated into transverse mesocolon and sigmoid mesocolon

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20
Q

how are the ascending and descending colons attached to the posterior wall?

A

directly

21
Q

fcn of falciform ligament

A

divides liver into R and L loves and anchors it to the diaphragm and anterior body wall

22
Q

what is located at the inferior border of the falciform ligament?

A

round ligament of the liver (obliterated umbelical vein)

23
Q

what is the coronary ligament

A

reflections of peritoneum around the bare area of the liver that attach it to the inferior surface of the diaphragm

24
Q

where is the bare area of the liver

A

upper posterior area of the liver it can touch the diaphragm

25
Q

what peritoneal pouches become actual spaces when a patient lies recumbant

A

hepatorenal and rectovesical (or rectouterine) pouch - why it’s important for patients to get up and move after surgery

26
Q

what is the hepatorenal pouch bounded by

A

liver, R kidney, colon and duodenum

27
Q

fcn of spleen

A

produces lymphocytes and filters blood

28
Q

where is bile produced?

A

liver

29
Q

what generally defines the functional right and left of the liver?

A

inferior vena cava

30
Q

which areas of the liver are diaphragmatic and which are visceral

A

visceral is post and inf

diaphragmatic is sup and ant

31
Q

what divides the gastric and caudate lobes of the liver?

A

attacment of lesser omentum

32
Q

where does the gallbladder attach and what does it contact?

A

attached to the inf surface of the liver and contacts the duodenum, colon and ant abdominal wall

33
Q

what are the ducts assoc with the gall bladder and what do they do

A

cystic duct - supplies and drains the gall bladder by connecting it to the other ducts
common hepatic duct - brings bile into it
bile duct takes bile away

34
Q

what organ does the bile duct drain into

A

duodenum through the major duodenal papilla

35
Q

path of bile

A

R and L hepatic ducts then common hepatic duct then cystic then gall bladder then bile duct behind duodenum then joins with main pancreatic duct and empties through major duodenal papilla

36
Q

parts of the pancreas

A

head, neck body, tail and uncinate process

37
Q

where does the minor pancreatic duct drain?

A

minor duodenal papilla

38
Q

where is the diaphragmatic surface of the spleen

A

diaphragmatic surface contacts the diaphrgam along ribs 9-11

39
Q

what are the areas of the visceral surface of the spleen?

A

gastric colic, and renal it also touches the pancreas

40
Q

what is the hilum of the spleen?

A

area where the spleen isnt intra paritoneal and vessels enter and exit

41
Q

what’s the first major br of the abd aorta

A

celiac trunk

42
Q

what does the celiac trunk supply

A

liver gallbladder esophagus stomach pancreas and spleen

43
Q

what are the three major branches off the ciliac trunk and what do they supply

A

R- common hepatic - gall bladder and liver
sup - L gastric - stomach and inf. esophagus
L - splenic - supplies pancreas and spleen

44
Q

what are the 2 branches off the common hepatic a.

A

proper hapatic a and gastroduodental a

45
Q

path of proper hepatic a.

A

sup to gastroduodenal
runs toward liver
runs medial to common bile duct and superficial to portal v.
splits into R and L hepatic aa

46
Q

path of gastroduodenal a.

A

runs toward jcn of stomach and duodenum
sends sup. pancreaticoduodenal a. and
R gastroepiploic a to follow greater curvature of the stomach
also sends off supraduodenal a to sup portion of the duodenum

47
Q

what are the branches of the splenic a

A

short gastric aa

L gastroepipolic to supply greater curvature of the stomach

48
Q

what percentage of people have variations of hepatic aa?

A

40%

49
Q

what are the variations of the cystic a? and what are the complications?

A

75% run post to common hepatic duct
24 % run ant
1 % runs both
prob is that it can get choked sometimes

Anatomy Test 2 (6 decks)

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