Peritoneal Cavity

Question 1

What is the peritoneum?

Answer 1

Layer of serous membrane comprising connective tissue and squamous epithelium which lines the abdominal cavity

Question 2

What two components are there to the peritoneum?

Answer 2

Parietal

Visceral

Question 3

What does the parietal peritoneum adhere to?

Answer 3

Anterior and posterior abdo walls
Undersurface of diaphragm
Cavity of pelvis

Question 4

The parietal peritoneum is made of extra-peritoneal connective tissue. What exactly is the comprised of?

Answer 4

Loose areolar tissue
Dense fibrous tissue
Fat

Question 5

The parietal peritoneum anchors which retroperitoneal structures?

Answer 5

Pancreas
Duodenum
Ascending and descending colon

Question 6

What segmental spinal nerves supply the parietal peritoneum?

Answer 6

Intercostal
Diaphragm
Lumbar

Question 7

The visceral peritoneum passes over the front of which organs?

Answer 7

Duodenum

Right and left colon

Question 8

What happens to the visceral peritoneum to form a messentery?

Answer 8

Splits around an organ

Question 9

What nerves supply the visceral peritoneum?

Answer 9

Visceral nerves

Question 10

What does the foregut comprise of?

Answer 10

Oesophagus
Stomach
Proximal half of duodenum
Liver
Pancreas

Question 11

What does the midgut comprise of?

Answer 11

Distal half of duodenum
Jejunum
Ileum
Cecum
Ascending and 3/4 Transverse colon

Question 12

What does the hindgut comprise of?

Answer 12

1/4 transverse, descending and sigmoid colon, rectum

Question 13

What is the primitive gut held in position by?

Answer 13

Mesenteries (mesodermal origin)

Question 14

What is a mesentery?

Answer 14

double layer of peritoneum

Question 15

The mesentery is a pathway for what?

Answer 15

blood and lymphatic vessels

Question 16

Which part of the mesentery degenerates except in relation to foregut?

Answer 16

ventral

Question 17

What are the two parts of the mesentery?

Answer 17

dorsal

ventral

Question 18

What does the dorsal mesentery give rise to?

Answer 18

Gastrosplenic ligament
Lienorenal ligament
Greater omentum
Mesentery of small and large bowel

Question 19

What does the dorsal mesentery attach gut organs to?

Answer 19

posterior abdo wall

Question 20

What does the ventral mesentery give rise to?

Answer 20

Ligaments around the liver
Falciform ligament
Lesser omentum

Question 21

What is the peritoneal cavity?

Answer 21

Potential space between serous coated organs

Question 22

What are the two spaces in the peritoneal cavity?

Answer 22

Greater sac (Coelom)
Lesser sac - out-pouch of greater sac behind stomach

Question 23

What is the greater sac of the peritoneal cavity divided into?

Answer 23

Supra colic compartment

Infra-colic compartment

Question 24

What divides the supra colic and infra colic compartment of the peritoneal cavity?

Answer 24

Transverse mesocolon

Question 25

What upper abdominal organs are within the supra colic compartment?

Answer 25

Stomach Liver and biliary tree Pancreas Spleen

Question 26

Where does the supra colic compartment of the greater sac in the peritoneal cavity lie?

Answer 26

Under the costal margin | Below diaphragm

Question 27

What support ligaments does the supra colic compartment of the greater sac have?

Answer 27

Gastorphrenic Gastrosplenic Lienorenal

Question 28

What is the greater omentum of the supra colic compartment?

Answer 28

Two layers of the parietal peritoneum fused and extend from stomach and proximal duodenum to lay over infra colic compartment contents.

Question 29

What does the greater omentum of the supra colic compartment contain?

Answer 29

Fat Blood vessels Lymphatics

Question 30

Where is the lesser sac of the supra colic compartment located?

Answer 30

Behind stomach | Anterior to pancreas and great vessels in retroperitoneum

Question 31

How does the lesser sac communicate with the greater sac in the supra colic compartment?

Answer 31

Epiploic foramen

Question 32

What is the anatomical position of the epiploic foramen?

Answer 32

Anterior – hepatoduodenal ligament Posterior – inferior vena cava and the right crus of the diaphragm Superior – caudate lobe of the liver Inferior – superior part of the duodenum