Peritoneal Cavity Flashcards
What is the peritoneum?
Layer of serous membrane comprising connective tissue and squamous epithelium which lines the abdominal cavity
What two components are there to the peritoneum?
Parietal
Visceral
What does the parietal peritoneum adhere to?
Anterior and posterior abdo walls
Undersurface of diaphragm
Cavity of pelvis
The parietal peritoneum is made of extra-peritoneal connective tissue. What exactly is the comprised of?
Loose areolar tissue
Dense fibrous tissue
Fat
The parietal peritoneum anchors which retroperitoneal structures?
Pancreas
Duodenum
Ascending and descending colon
What segmental spinal nerves supply the parietal peritoneum?
Intercostal
Diaphragm
Lumbar
The visceral peritoneum passes over the front of which organs?
Duodenum
Right and left colon
What happens to the visceral peritoneum to form a messentery?
Splits around an organ
What nerves supply the visceral peritoneum?
Visceral nerves
What does the foregut comprise of?
Oesophagus Stomach Proximal half of duodenum Liver Pancreas
What does the midgut comprise of?
Distal half of duodenum Jejunum Ileum Cecum Ascending and 3/4 Transverse colon
What does the hindgut comprise of?
1/4 transverse, descending and sigmoid colon, rectum
What is the primitive gut held in position by?
Mesenteries (mesodermal origin)
What is a mesentery?
double layer of peritoneum
The mesentery is a pathway for what?
blood and lymphatic vessels
Which part of the mesentery degenerates except in relation to foregut?
ventral
What are the two parts of the mesentery?
dorsal
ventral
What does the dorsal mesentery give rise to?
Gastrosplenic ligament
Lienorenal ligament
Greater omentum
Mesentery of small and large bowel
What does the dorsal mesentery attach gut organs to?
posterior abdo wall
What does the ventral mesentery give rise to?
Ligaments around the liver
Falciform ligament
Lesser omentum
What is the peritoneal cavity?
Potential space between serous coated organs
What are the two spaces in the peritoneal cavity?
Greater sac (Coelom) Lesser sac - out-pouch of greater sac behind stomach
What is the greater sac of the peritoneal cavity divided into?
Supra colic compartment
Infra-colic compartment
What divides the supra colic and infra colic compartment of the peritoneal cavity?
Transverse mesocolon
What upper abdominal organs are within the supra colic compartment?
Stomach
Liver and biliary tree
Pancreas
Spleen
Where does the supra colic compartment of the greater sac in the peritoneal cavity lie?
Under the costal margin
Below diaphragm
What support ligaments does the supra colic compartment of the greater sac have?
Gastorphrenic
Gastrosplenic
Lienorenal
What is the greater omentum of the supra colic compartment?
Two layers of the parietal peritoneum fused and extend from stomach and proximal duodenum to lay over infra colic compartment contents.
What does the greater omentum of the supra colic compartment contain?
Fat
Blood vessels
Lymphatics
Where is the lesser sac of the supra colic compartment located?
Behind stomach
Anterior to pancreas and great vessels in retroperitoneum
How does the lesser sac communicate with the greater sac in the supra colic compartment?
Epiploic foramen
What is the anatomical position of the epiploic foramen?
Anterior –hepatoduodenal ligament
Posterior –inferior vena cavaand the right crus of thediaphragm
Superior – caudate lobe of theliver
Inferior – superior part of theduodenum
