Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

#Clinical Assesment > Peripheral Vascular > Flashcards

Peripheral Vascular Flashcards

1
Q

These vessels are tensile with thicker walls, less distensible, and have a high pressure flow

A

Artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Name main arteries of neck

A

carotid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

name main arteries of ue

A

brachial, radial, ulnar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

name main arteries of abdomen

A

aortic, illiac, renal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

name main arteries of lower extremity

A

femoral, popliteal, posterior tibial, dorsalis pedis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

These vessels are “passive” with low pressure

A

veins, have valves and act as a repository for extra blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Name the main veins of the neck

A

jugular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

name the main vein of UE

A

superior vena cava

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

name the main veins of abdomen

A

hepatic portal system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

name the main veins of LE

A

deep/superficial femoral vein, great/lesser saphenous vein, communicating veins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Abdominal vena cava –> ___1___ (which along with ___2____ empties into the _____3____ atria to carry on to the pulmonary circulation

A
  1. Inf vena cava 2. superior vena cava 3. right atria
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

_____ & ______ empty in to the superior vena cava

A

brain and upper limbs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what vessels empty into the inferior vena cava

A

intercostals, liver (intestine and spleens empty into the liver 1st), and kidneys

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what empties into the abdominal vena cava

A

lower limbs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

within capillaries on the _____ side hydrostatic pressure pushes fluid out

A

arterial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

within capillaries on the _____ side colloid oncotic pressure draws fluid in

A

venous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

name the major lymph nodes

A

cervical, axillary and epitrochlear, sacrum, horizonal and vertical inguinal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

lymph nodes pull from the ______(vessel), and empty into ______ (vessel)

A

capillaries; veins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What happens to the vascular system as you age

A

walls become thicker and less elastic, inc prevelance of arteriosclerosis/atherosclerosis, inc prevalence of PAD, and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what are risk factors(indicators for health screening) for renal artery dz (5)

A

HTN in those <30 or >55, resistant/acute htn, worsening htn despite rx, idiopathic small kidney, sudden idiopathic pulmonary edema

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

define hypertensive urgency (renal context)

A

BP >160/90, no acute target organ dysfxn

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

define hypertensive emergency (renal context)

A

BP >180/120, target organ damage, coronary ischemia, encephalopathy, CVA, pulm edema, renal failure, seizures, retinopathy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Accelerated vs malignant hypertensive emergencies (renal context)

A

acc: retinal hemorrhages w/o papiledema
malig: always papilledema, flame shaped hemorrhages

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what tools do you use to screen for renal artery dz

A

duplex ultrasonogrpahy, MRI or CT angiography

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
what is the normal diameter for female vs male abdominal aorta?
F: 1.5cm M: 1.7cm
26
What would be an "at risk" abdom aorta diameter
>3cm
27
an abdom aorta larger than ___cm requires surgical intervention
5.5
28
what are AAA risk factors
older male, smoking hx, 1st deg relative with AAA | PMH: aneurysms, coronary art dz, cereb vasc dz, atherosclerosis, hyperlipidemia, HTN
29
what's the standard test for AAA
abdom'l duplex US
30
screening/risk factors for PAD
>65yo, >50 &Hx smoking or DM, atherosclerosis (renal coronary, carotid), claudication or ED by hx, nonhealing leg wounds.
31
How to screen LE PAD
ABI (ankle, brachial index)
32
What is normal phys for ABI
ankle BP in same or greater than arm BP >0.90 (0.90-1.30)
33
ABI Classification: >60 but <69
mild PAD
34
ABI Classification: >40 but <0.59
moderate PAD
35
ABI Classification:<0.39
severe PAD
36
How to manage LE PAD
tobacco cessation, control (HTN, hyperlipidemia, DM), supervised exercise (claudication), revascularization.
37
How to calculate ABI
highest average right(or left) ankel pressure / highest average arm pressure(lt or rt)
38
for the physical exam, sitting up is a position good for evaluating...
carotids, UE and LE pulses, epitrochlear nodes
39
for PE standing is good for...
post LE -varicies
40
for PE, lying down is good for...
abdom and femoral pulses and inguinal LN
41
for PE, lying down is good for...
abdom and femoral pulses and inguinal LN
42
For UE (and neck)inspect....
size, BL symmetry, skin color, nail texture and cap refil | Neck:JVD
43
for LE inspect...
size, BL symmetry, swelling, varicies, pigementation ulceration, skin color, nail texture, cap refil
44
What is pulse pressure, and how do you calculate it?
deals with the force per contraction felt in artery, d/t arterial elasticity, and stroke volume. calculate: DBP - SBP
45
what is a normal range for pulse pressure
30-40 mm Hg
46
diminished (feels weak) pulse pressure is d/t...
dec stroke volume --> HF, hypovolemia, severe aortic stenosis or leaky valves
47
increased (feels strong) pulse pressure is d/t...
inc stroke volume --> exercise, fever, anemia, hyperthyroid, aortic regurgitation
48
what is pulsus alternans
amplitude alternates beat to beat but rhythm regular (d/t alternating strong and weak ventricular contraction)
49
what's a bigemial pulse
normal beat alternates with PVC (amplitude varies)
50
what is a paradoxical pulse
systolic bp drops >10-12 mm Hg with inhalation
51
how do you quantify pulse amplitude?
0- absent/nonpalp +1 - dimnished(weaker than expected) +2 - expected/brisk +3 - bounding
52
what areas do you measure to evaluate edema
forefoot, ankle, mid-calf, mid-thigh
53
what's normal diff expected b/w ankles and calves
ankle: <1cm; calf: <2cm
54
where do you check for pitting to evaluate edema
posterior to malleoli, dorsa/feet and ant tibia
55
how do you quantify pitting
0 - no pitting edema 1 - mild, 2mm depression disappears rapidly 2 - moderate pitting edema, 4mm depression disappears after 10-15 sec 3 - moderate, 6mm may last more than 1 min 4 - severe, 8mm lasts more than 2 mins
56
what is dependent edema
d/t standing/sitting for long time, inc hydrostatic pressure in veins and capillaries. soft, B/L no changes in skin
57
Pitting d/t incompetant valves and chronic obstruction can be caused by....
chronic venous insuficiency. normally seen unilaterally and trophic skin changes are visible.
58
What causes edema in CVI
malfxn in deep venous plexus leads to backflow of deox blood into deep and superficial regions of the legs w/ capillary distension and damage to cap permeability, which allows proteins and plasma fluid into tissue
59
with CVI pulses...
pulses may be normal but can't be felt d/t edema
60
name skin changes that can be seen with CVI, and why
dec flow of oxygen at ankles progressive reactive chronic inflam skin changes ; bruising, dry skin, flaky, ulcers, bruising, atrophy, brown.
61
what is statis dermatitis
pigmentation in skin d/t RBC extravasation. blood flow is slowed(CVI), platelet accumulation, periarterial inflam causes fibrosis and vascular remodeling, macrophages and inflam mediators in the area of stasis
62
what is the champagne bottle effect
leg narrowing d/t scarring from CVI
63
Thromboangiitis obliterans aka _________ is d/t
buerger's disease; inflamm non-atherosclerotic occlusive dz of small vessels -- fingers and toes
64
buerger's dz happens freq in those who _____ and may complain of ____
smoke, and complain of cold hands/feet or numbness
65
______ can happen post-op, with a crush injury, or bleeding into muscle, or with freq intense exercise
compartment syndrome
66
a tense tight calf muscle with localized burning tenderness or paresthesia; may look a dusky red
compartment syndrome
67
Leg edema may be caused by ______ or __________ infection; causing erythema tenderness, and warmth
staph aureus and beta hemolytic strep
68
________ involves raised and well defined lesions, involving the dermis and epidermis; with leg edema
Erysipelas
69
leg edema caused by ______ involves epidermis dermis and adipose tissue. LN palpable and fever
acute cellulitis
70
what is acute lymphangitis
ascending bact infection from lower portal of entry thru lymphatic vessels. d/t strep pyogenes or staph aureus
71
how does acute lymphangitis present
red streak on skin tenderness, LAD, and fever
72
Pt presents with polyarthralgia, fever, malaise, with painful b/L erythematous lesions(2-5cm raised) on ant tibial/ pretibial surface. for 2-3 weeks
erythema nodosum
73
erethema nodosum is inflamm of ______ d/t...(5)
subQ tissue, IUP, Tb, inflamm bowel dz, sarcoid, or meds

#Clinical Assesment (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions