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#Clinical Assesment > Breast Health > Flashcards

Breast Health Flashcards

1
Q

thelarche occurs in what age

A

8-13

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2
Q

menarche is 2-3 years after ________

A

pubarche

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3
Q

tanner stage 1 means what

A

nipple is elevated

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4
Q

tanner stage 2 means what

A

a small mound, glandular tissue in subareolar area

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5
Q

tanner stage 3

A

inc in palpable glandular tissue, inc diameter and pigmentation of areola

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6
Q

tanner stage 4

A

areola further enlarges in a single plane; nipple and areolar forma seperate mound

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7
Q

tanner stage 5

A

development of smoothing with nipple projection

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8
Q

what is the breast

A

modified sebaceous gland within superficial fascia/ chest wall

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9
Q

_______lobules and _____ducts

A

12-20 lubules, 5-10 ducts

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10
Q

what happens as you age

A

glandular tissue involutes, and replaced by fat

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11
Q

what three arteries supply blood to the breast

A

internal mammary, axillary artery, and intercostal arteries

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12
Q

what 4 veins drain the breast

A

axillary, int thoracic, lat thoracic vein, intercostal vein

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13
Q

what two LNs drain the breast, 1ry nodes?

A

axillary (1ry~85%), internal mammary LNs

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14
Q

what are the 4 quadrants of the breast? which contains the tail of spence?

A

UIQ(inner), LIQ, LOQ, UOQ (extends up into axilla contains the tail of spence)

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15
Q

level __ nodes are found on the lateral breast

A

1

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16
Q

level ___ nodes are superior to the breast

A

2

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17
Q

level ___ nodes are superior to the breast near the clavicle

A

3

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18
Q

sentinel LNs are…

A

the LN closest to the tumor

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19
Q

central and lat portion drain into the _____ group

A

anterior

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20
Q

tail of the breast drains into the _____ group

A

posterior

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21
Q

the upper part drains into the apical group of the _____LNs and the ________LNs

A

axillary

lower deep cervical

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22
Q

medial part of the gland drains into ______LNs

A

parasternal

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23
Q

_____% of those with breast CA have no FHx or personal risk factors

A

50%

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24
Q

chance of breast CA inc with ______, most cases are _____yo

25
what are the 7 modifiable risk factors for CA?
duration breast feeding, obesity, HRT, nicotine use, ETOH use, sedentary lifestyle, birth control method (BCM)
26
what are the 10 non-modifiable risk factors for CA?
age, race, gender, FHx(inherited syndromes or mutations), PMH: breast CA/chest radiation, breast density, atypia on biopsy, duration of unopposed estrogen, age 1st IUP (intrauterine pregnancy)
27
>____ 1st degree relatives with early breast CA increases the relative risk of breast cancer,
>2 relatives
28
Use of ____ during pregnancy can inc your risk; as well as menarche ____yo
DES <12yo >55yo
29
PMHx of ____,_____, or _____ CA as well as _____ or exogenous _____ use (such as ____ or ____)
ovarian, uterine, or colon CA | exogenous hormone use (HRT or OCT)
30
what is the gail model?
calculating the risk of invasive CA in the next 5yrs and overall lifetime risk
31
what are the 3 components of the gail model?
>50yo, no FHx or one member with CA, annual screening mammogram
32
who is the claus method for? 3 components?
claus=at risk women | current age, 1st and 2nd degree relatives and age of onset, and family members w/ovarian CA
33
What's the BRCAPRO model?
model for high risk women in a given family; penetration/affected carriers(BRCA 1&2), age of onset 1st and 2nd deg relatives m&f
34
what is HBOC syndrome
hereditary breast/ovarian CA, auto dom, brca 1 and 2 mutations
35
_____ is not recommended screening for breast CA
BSE - breast self exam - used just for self-awareness
36
_____ negatives are issue with low sensitivity tests
false
37
what are the reccomendations for mammogram: <50? 50-74?
``` <50 = individualized basis 50-74 = Q2 yrs (or 45-54 annual) ```
38
what are the 2 views you need for mammography
craniocaudal and mediolateral
39
what is tomosynthesis?
digital part of mammography; 15 slices in 15 degree sweep (dec false positives, less radiation, and cheaper)
40
what is Bi-rad class 1 and 2?
1: negative 2: benign
41
what is Bi-rad class 3
prob benign, but suggested short term follow up (<2% malignant)
42
what is Bi-rad class 4
suspiscious - biopsy sb considered
43
what is Bi-rad class 5
highly suggestive of malignancy (95%)
44
MRI good for...
higher sensitivity(for at risk) but less specific
45
For high to moderate risk pts recommended monthy BSE beginning at age ____; annual CBE at age _____; mammogram and MRI at ____-___ yo
monthly BSE - 18 annual CBE - 25 MRI - 25-30
46
for chemopreventive treatment use ____ or _____
SERMs or Ais (selective estrogen receptormodulators or aromatase inhibitors)
47
_____ pain is reassuring as is the ability to _____ the mass
cyclic(menstration) | move
48
extra nipples can develop along the _____ _____ band
ectodermal galactic band
49
if you find a nodule/mass you want to note it's loc via _____ and _____
quadrant/clock and distance from nipple
50
name the 7 lymph nodes you need to check
``` supra/infraclav nodes pectoral:axillary nodes lat wall: along the upper humerus subscapular: post axillary fold axilla/axillary tail epitrochlear ```
51
in men _____ can result from obesity
pseudogynecomastia
52
what is mastalgia? 2 types?
breast pain that is benign cyclic: BL nonlocalized w/physiologic nudularity noncyclic: no menses assoc, UL constant, intermittent, sharp, burning, +/- neck/shoulder pain
53
_____ has methy xanthine which leads to vessel dilation and contributes to mastalgia
caffine
54
what is a cyst
nonprolif, well defined, round, mobile, soft, usually premenopausal, +/- tender, noskin retraction
55
what is a fibroadenoma
nonprolif, discrete round, firm, mobile, and nontender. no skin retration. usually in reproductive years
56
what are the 6 signs of breast CA
``` solitary mass, usually nonpainful irreg borders stony hard fixed no variation with menses +/- retraction or altered color ```
57
____________ is skin erythema and thickening d/t CA cells blocking lymphatics
peau d'orange
58
________________ is UL scaly vessicular ulcerated lesions at the nipple w/spread to the areola, pruitis, oozing nipple, burning pain
paget's dz of the breast

#Clinical Assesment (5 decks)

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