Peripheral nervous system

Question 1

what are the 2 primary cell types that comprise nervous tissue?

Answer 1

1. Neurons
2. Neuroglia

Question 2

What are the functions of neuroglia?

Answer 2

-Support/provide nutrition for neurons
-Destroy pathogens
-Long-term signaling

Question 3

A _____ is a bundle of axons/nerve fibers where each fiber is surrounded by glial cells

Answer 3

nerve

Question 4

what type of innervation do nerves provide?

Answer 4

BOTH afferent and efferent

Question 5

where do nerves originate?

Answer 5

at CNS boundary

Question 6

what are the CNS and PNS made of?

Answer 6

CNS- brain and spinal cord
PNS - everything else

Question 7

a _____ is a collection of neuronal cell bodies in the PNS

Answer 7

ganglion

Question 8

_____ system takes sensory information from receptors in the PNS to the CNS

Answer 8

Afferent

Question 9

how many neurons are in the afferent system?

Answer 9

3 neurons (1PNS, 2 CNS)

Question 10

The ________ system sends the CNS motor commands to muscles and glands

Answer 10

efferent

Question 11

what are the 2 divisions of the efferent system?

Answer 11

Somatic
Autonomic

Question 12

The ______ division is for voluntary control and uses the neurotransmitters _____&______

Answer 12

Somatic
glutamate, Ach

Question 13

how many neurons does the somatic division have?

Answer 13

2 CNS

Question 14

The ______ division is for involuntary regulation of smooth and cardiac muscle and uses the neurotransmitters _____ & ______

Answer 14

autonomic
Ach and/or (Nor)epi

Question 15

how many neurons does the autonomic division have?

Answer 15

2- 1PNS & 1CNS

Question 16

what are the 4 kinds of nerve fibers?

Answer 16

1. somatic sensory
2. Visceral sensory
3. somatic motor
4. visceral motor

Question 17

which of the nerve fibers are afferent? efferent?

Answer 17

AFFERENT: somatic sensory, visceral sensory
EFFERENT: somatic motor, visceral motor

Question 18

what are the branches of a spinal nerve? (4)

Answer 18

-Spinal cord (CNS)
-Spinal nerve (PNS)
-Dorsal root
-Ventral root

Question 19

the ______ root only carries sensory information

Answer 19

Dorsal root

Question 20

The ______ root only carries motor information

Answer 20

ventral

Question 21

what type of tissues does the somatic nervous system control?

Answer 21

skeletal muscle

Question 22

what type of tissues does the autonomic nervous system control?

Answer 22

smooth, cardiac muscle, glands

Question 23

list the 3 components of a relay arc

Answer 23

Sensory neuron → relay neuron → motor

Question 24

what are the two sections of the PNS?

Answer 24

parasympathetic “rest and digest”
sympathetic “fight or flight”

Question 25

The parasympathetic PNS has a ______ pre-ganglion, and a _____ post-ganglion (closer to organ)

Answer 25

long, short

Question 26

The parasympathetic PNS has the neurotransmitter _____ between both pre/post ganglion and post ganglion/organ

Answer 26

acetylcholine

Question 27

The sympathetic PNS has a _____ pre-ganglion, _____ post-ganglion

Answer 27

short, long

Question 28

The sympathetic PNS has the neurotransmitter _____ between pre/post ganglions, and ____ between post ganglion/organ

Answer 28

Ach,
Norepinephrine