Neurobiology Flashcards
what are the 2 sections of the nervous system?
CNS, PNS
what is the PNS made up of?
Somatic, autonomic
what 2 fibers make up the autonomic nervous system?
-GVA (general visceral afferent) (sensory)
-GVE (general visceral efferent) (secretomotor-2 neuron pathway)
Neurons are made up of ____________
an axon (only ONE), dendrites (one or more), cell body
what are the different types of neurons? and what does each take part in?
-Unipolar: Embryogenesis
-Bipolar: 1 dendrite, 1 axon
Olfactory, cochlear, vestibular neurons
-Pseudounipolar: 1 axon that splits into 2, no dendrites, general sensory neurons
-Multipolar: 1 axon, many dendrites, motor neurons
what are the 4 types of neuroglia? and what do they do?
-Astroglia: monitors blood brain barrier
-Microglia: modified macrophage, cleans debris
-Oligodendrocyte: makes myelin
-Ependymal: uses cilia to beat CSF
what are the 2 supporting cells in the PNS? what do they do?
-Schwann cell: provides support can myelinate
-Satellite cell: associated with cell body
how long does the whole neural tube development take?
22-25 days
at 4 weeks there are ____ vesicles, and at 5 weeks there are ___ vesicles
3, 5
what are the 3 vesicles present at 4 weeks?
-Prosencephalon
-Mesencephalon
-Rhombencephalon
what are the 5 vesicles present at 5 weeks?
-Telencephalon
-Diencephalon
-Mesencephalon
-Metencephalon
-Mylencephalon
The Prosencephalon
develops into the _______ & _______
Telencephalon, Diencephalon
The Rhombencephalon develops into the ______ & ______
Metencephalon & Mylencephalon (hindbrain)
which cranial nerves develop from the Prosencephalon, Mesencephalon, and Rhombencephalon?
-Prosencephalon: Cranial nerve 1 & 2 develop from here
-Mesencephalon: Cranial nerve 3
-Rhombencephalon: Cranial nerve 4-12
The ________ in the spinal cord is equivalent to ventral horn (motor function)
Alar plate
The ________ in the spinal cord is equivalent to dorsal horn (sensory function)
Basal plate
The _______ separates dorsal and ventral horns
Sulcus limitan
The_____ represents white matter (axons) and the
______ is where cell bodies are located
Marginal zone
Intermediate zone
the ________ zone has the cells that line central canal (ependymal cells)
ventricular
what are the 5 lobes of the brain and what do they do?
-Frontal Lobe: motor/personality
-Parietal: sensory
-Occipital: vision
-Temporal: memory, hearing, smell
-Insular: emotions
The Brainstem is made up of the _____, ____, _______
Midbrain, Pons, Medulla oblongata
Diencephalon is made up of the _____ & _______
Thalamus, Hypothalamus
The _______ is bundles of axons in brain
The ______ is bundle of axons in spinal cord
Fasciculi
Funiculi
The Dorsal horn has laminae ____ and is responsible for ____ fxn
1-6
sensory
The Lateral horn has laminae ____ and is responsible for ____ fxn
7
autonomic control
The Ventral horn has laminae ____ and is responsible for ____ fxn
8,9
voluntary motor function
Cranial nerve 5 has rhombomere sensory ganglion ____, rhombomere motor nucleus ____, and arch ____
S:2
M: 2,3
A: 1
Cranial nerve 6 has rhombomere sensory ganglion ____, rhombomere motor nucleus ____, and arch ____
S: -
M: 5,6
A: -
Cranial nerve 9 has rhombomere sensory ganglion ____, rhombomere motor nucleus ____, and arch ____
S: 6
M: 6,7
A: 3
Cranial nerve 10 has rhombomere sensory ganglion ____, rhombomere motor nucleus ____, and arch ____
S: 7
M: 7,8
A: 4
Cranial nerve 12 has rhombomere sensory ganglion ____, rhombomere motor nucleus ____, and arch ____
S: -
M: 8
A: -
Cranial nerve 4 has rhombomere sensory ganglion ____, rhombomere motor nucleus ____, and arch ____
S: -
M: 1
A: -
