Peripheral Nerve Disease Flashcards
What is the problem with Guillain Barre?
What is the underlying cause?
What is the classic clinical presentation?
Two treatments?
Immune mediated/inflammatory demyelinating neuropathy
Unknown, but 2/3 causes are preceded by an infectious illness like a respiratory infection of stomach flu
Ascending paralysis
Plasmapheresis and IVIg
How do we characterize chronic inflammatory demyelinating poly neuropathy?
Two things that distinguish it from guillain barre?
Surat nerve biopsy shows what?
Symmetrical sensorimotor polyneuropathy persisting over 2 months.
Time course and response to steroids
Onion bulbs
5 categories of peripheral nerve disease?
Inflammatory neuropathies Infectious polyneuropathies Hereditary neuropathies Acquired metabolic and toxic neuropathies Traumatic neuropathies
What are the 3 infectious polyneuropathies?
Leprosy
Diphtheria
Varicella zoster
How do we characterize leprosy?
What is lost because of it?
What pathologic process makes the disease worse?
Symmetric polyneuropathy affecting cool extremities from mycobacterium leprosy
Myelinated and unmyelinated axons
Involves pain fibers and loss of sensation so they can’t feel all the damage
What two places in the body does diphtheria infect?
What is the MOA in causing problems?
Clinical features begin with what?
Throat and upper airways
Paresthesias and weakness because of early loss of proprioception and vibratory sensation
What is the most common viral infection of PNS?
What is affected by it?
What is the clinical presentation?
Varicella zoster virus
Sensory ganglia
Deactivation of latent Infection leads to painful skin vesicles in the distribution of sensory dermatomes
What is the peripheral nerve manifestation in lime disease and HIV?
Unilateral or bilateral facial nerve palsies
Distal sensory neuropathy
What is the most common cause of peripheral neuropathy?
What is the most common pattern of it which can also include what which is a major cause of morbidity?
Diabetes
Ascending distal symmetric sensorimotor polyneuropathy
Diffuse vascular injury
What is another metabolic condition causing peripheral neuropathy?
What can hypothyroidism cause?
Renal failure
Compression neuropathy
What is the most common paraneoplastic neuropathy and what type does it cause?
Small cell lung carcinoma
Sensorimotor
What is a syndrome associated with malignancy and neuropathy?
POEMS so B cell gammopathy
4 traumatic neuropathies?
Traumatic neuroma
Carpel tunnel
Saturday night palsy (radial nerve) also other nerves, ulnar, perineal
Mortons neuroma, tissue thickening around the nerve between 3 and 4 toes
What is the most common inherited peripheral neuropathy? How do we characterize it?
Carcot Marie Tooth
Slow progressive demyelination of motor and sensory in young people
