Peripheral Artery Disease

Question 1

What is a saccular aneurysm?

Answer 1

Only a portion of the vessel wall

Partially or fully filled by a thrombus

Question 2

What is a fusiform aneurysm?

Answer 2

Variable in diameter/length

Often involve large portions of aorta…less frequently the iliac arteries

Question 3

What causes an aneurysm? (broad sense)

Answer 3

Elastic fiber fragmentation/loss

Question 4

What causes various aortic aneurysms?

Answer 4

Hypertension (dissecting aortic aneurysm)
Atherosclerosis (abdominal aortic aneurysm)
3rd degree syphilis (aortic arch)
Marfan’s (Ascending aorta)

Question 5

What commonly causes heart aneurysms?

Answer 5

MI

Question 6

What is temporal arteritis?

Answer 6

Result of inflammation and and vasculitis in the branches of the external carotid arteries

Question 7

What is polyarteritis nodosa?

Answer 7

Immunological effect on medium sized arteries

Causes a string of aneurysms…like Rosary beads

Question 8

What is Kawasaki disease?

Answer 8

Autoimmune effect on medium sized veins
Boys under 5yo
Oral manifestation (swollen lips and red tongue)
Also effects lymph nodes, mucous membranes, skin, and blood vessels

Question 9

Other than claudication, how else can PVD present?

Answer 9

Cramping
Discoloration
Diminished hair/nail growth

Question 10

Other than high LDL, what are some major risk factors?

Answer 10

Smoking
HTN
Low HDL
Family history
Age (men >45; women>55)