Chronic Heart Disease/Mitral stenosis Flashcards
What is needed for a Framingham’s diagnosis of CHF?
2 Major criteria
1 Major with 2 Minor criteria
Are paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea, neck vein distention, and rales major or minor criteria?
Major
Are bilateral ankle edema, nocturnal cough, and dyspnea on ordinary exertion major or minor criteria?
Minor
Are radiographic cardiomegaly, acute pulmonary edema, and S3 gallop major or minor criteria?
Major
Are hepatomegaly and pleural effusion major or minor criteria?
Minor
Are increased central venous pressure and hepatojugular reflux major or minor criteria?
Major
Are decrease in vital capacity by one third and tachycardia major or minor criteria?
Minor
How much weight has to be lost within 5 days of starting diuretics in order for it to be considered a major criteria?
4.5kg
Do minor criteria count if they can be explained by another medical condition?
No
What is NYHA Class I CHF?
No limitation on physical activity
How would NYHA classify a patient who has some physical limitations but is still comfortable at rest?
Class II CHF
How would NYHA classify a patient who has marked physical limitations but is still comfortable at rest?
Class III CHF
What is NYHA Class IV CHF?
Unable to carry out physical activity
Uncomfortable even at rest
What causes the sensation of dyspnea?
The afferent signal to the respiratory center does not match the feed-forward signal from the motor cortex
What are some hepatic effects of CHF?
Hepatomegaly–>pain from growing faster than capsule
“Nutmeg” Liver (brownish color)
