Perioperative Care

Question 1

Ambulatory/Same Day/Outpatient Surgery

Answer 1

Patient leave after surgery and recovers at home.

Question 2

Inpatient Surgery

Answer 2

Patient is admitted to the hospital.

Question 3

Urgency

Answer 3

Elective - correction of non-acute problem, can be schedule >48 ahead of time. Does not mean that they are not important.
Ex: Hernia repair, joint replacement

Urgent - needed within 24-48 hours.
Ex: bowel obstruction, Kidney/Ureter stones, Bone fracture

Emergent - needed immediately.
Ex: Gun shot wound, abdominal aortic aneurysm, compound fracture

Question 4

Reasons for Surgery

Answer 4

Diagnostic
Curative
Restorative
Palliative
Cosmetic

Question 5

Diagnostic Surgey

Answer 5

Performed to determine the origin and cause of a disorder. Ex: Biopsy

Question 6

Curative Surgery

Answer 6

Performed to resolve a health problem by repairing or removing the cause. Ex: Removal of gallbladder

Question 7

Restorative Surgery

Answer 7

Performed on abnormal or damaged body structures to improve function. Ex: Joint replacement

Question 8

Palliative Surgery

Answer 8

Performed to increase the quality of life while reducing stressors on the body. Non-curative. Ex: Ileostomy creation

Question 9

Cosmetic Surgery

Answer 9

Performed to reshape normal body structures to improve the patient’s appearance or self-image.

Question 10

Extent

Answer 10

Simple - Removing a toenail
Radical - Removing the entire foot
Minimally Invasive - Laparoscopic

Question 11

Phases of perioperative care.

Answer 11

Preoperative Phase
Intraoperative Phase
Postoperative Phase

Question 12

Preoperative Phase

Answer 12

Starts at the time the surgery is scheduled and ends when the patient enters the OR.

Question 13

Nursing’s role in the Preoperative Phase

Answer 13

Prepare patient for surgery

• Patient Education
• Safety
• Advocacy

Question 14

Preoperative Assessment

Answer 14

Age - elderly people have poorer outcomes
Medications - especially blood thinners
Medical History/Allergies - strawberry/banana (latex), peanut/nut (Propofol), shellfish (iodine)
Herb/ Complementary Medicine
Smoking/Alcohol/Recreational Drug use
Problems with Anesthesia
Support System - get to and from surgery, and has resources at home.
Level of understanding

Question 15

Preoperative Head to Toe Assessment

Answer 15

Blood Pressure
Checking Pulses/ Heart rate
Edema/ Heart Failure
Sleep apnea
Lung sounds
Renal Status
Neurological Status - Document baseline mental status
Mobility status
Skin assessment - Intact?
Nutrition status
Psychosocial - emotional state and support