Perioneum And Peritoneal Cavity Flashcards
Abdominal cavity extends as high as which ics
5th
What is extraperitoneal tissue
Areolar tissue between parietal layer and abdominal body wall
Clinical importance of absorptive surface of peritoneum
Fluid accumulation in diseased conditions
Various spaces and recesses where internal hernias can occur
Primarily retroperitoneal organs example
Kidney(find more later)
Secondarily retroperitoneal organs example
Ascending and descending coli
Examples of intraperitoneal organs
Stomach spleen liver
Mesentery definition
Double layer of visceral peritoneum attaching an enclosed small or large intestine to the posterior abdominal wall
3 named mesenteries mentioned in slides
Mesentery of small intestines (runs obliquely from left to right)
Transverse mesocolon
Sigmoid mesocolon
Omentum?
Double layered fold of visceral peritoneum passing from stomach and proximal duodenum to adjacent viscera
Anatomy of greater omentum?
Hangs from greater curvature of stomach and proximal duodenum, folds back and attaches to the transverse colon(I.e it is a double sheet folded on itself so it has 4 layers )
Function
Stores fat
As a result provides insulation against heat loss
Policeman of the gut(has fixed macrophages)
Helps limit the spread of infection in the cavity
What constitutes the portal triad
Common role duct, portal vein and hepatic artery proper
Lesser omentum has a J shaped attachment to liver. Right and left side attached to what strictures?
Right side to porta hepatis
Rest to fissure for ligamentum venosum
Peritoneal ligaments
Double layer of peritoneum connecting an organ to another or to the abdominal wall
What is the falciform ligament
Double layer of peritoneum above umbilicus which is attached to anterior abdominal wall and liver
Shifted more to right bcc of liver
Lower border folded on itself and rounded to become ligamentum trees
What are the 3 umbilical folds and where are they found
Anterior abdominal wall, below umbilicus
Median umbilical fold(over median umbilical ligaments which is a remainder of urachus)
Medial umbilical fold
Over medial umbilical ligament. Remains of umbilical arteries)
Lateral umbilical folds(over inferior epigastric vessels)
Note. Peritoneal ligaments (falciform) and umbilical folds, anterior abdominal wall
Mesentery - posterior abdominal wall
What are the 3 recesses of peritoneal cavity
Duodenal recess
Caecal recess
Inter sigmoid recess
What are the 2 sacs of the peritoneal cavity and what ensures communication between them
Greater and lesser sac
Omental/epiploic foramen
What is the omental bursa?
Another name for the lesser sac
Provides free movement for the stomach during contraction and distension
Found behind stomach and lesser omentum
Has a superior recess which is limited superiority by diaphrahm and posterior layers of coronary ligament
Inferior recess which is an extension into gastrocolic ligament
What are the boundaries of the omental foramen
Anteriorly by free edge of lesser omentum containing portal triad
Posteriorly by ivc and right crus of diaphragm
Superiorly by caudate lobe of liver
Inferiorly by superior part of duodenum, portal vein, hepatic artery and bile duct
What structures form the stomach bed
Left some of diaphragm Spleen Left kidney and Supradrenal gland Splenic artery Pancreas Transverse mesocolon and colon
Subdivisions of supracolic compartment
Subphrenic space
Subhepatic space
Note therefore that the supracolic compartment lies between diaphragm and transverse colon and its mesocolon. Generally the tc and its mc are the reference for peritoneal compartments
In males, no communication between peritoneal cavity and external environment. Peritoneum passes over … superiorly and … anteriorly
Bladder superiorly, rectum anteriorly
What is the posterior fornix
Space in vagina around the cervix
