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BAHS 238 > Anterolateral Abdominal Wall And Inguinal Region > Flashcards

Anterolateral Abdominal Wall And Inguinal Region Flashcards

1
Q

Abdominal wall is divided into 4 walls namely

A

Anterior wall
Right lateral wall/right flank
Left lateral wall
Posterior abdominal wall

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2
Q

Anterolateral wall extends from

A

The thoracic cage to the pelvis

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3
Q

Anterolateral wall superior and inferior boundaries

A

Superiorly by costal margin

Inferiorly by inguinal ligament, iliac crest, pubic crest, symphisis pubis

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4
Q

What is the composition of the lateral abdominal wall

A 
Skin 
Subcutaneous fascia 
Muscles and their aponeuroses and deep fascia
Endoabdominal fascia
Extraperitoneal fat
Parietal peritoneum
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5
Q

Composition of the anterior abdominal wall

A 
Skin
Superficial fascia
Anterior wall of rectus sheath
Rectus muscle
Posterior wall of rectus sheath
Extraperitoneal fat
Parietal peritoneum
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6
Q

What are the fascia of the anterolateral abdominal wall

A

Superficial fascia
Investing deep fascia on the external surfaces of the three layers of the muscles and their aponeuroses
Endoabdominal fascia

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7
Q

Inferior to the umbilicus, subcutaneous fascia has two layers known as

A

Superficial fatty layer(Camper’s fascia)

Deep membranous layer(Scarpa’s fascia

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8
Q

How many muscles are there in each half of the anterolateral wall

A

Five

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9
Q

The fibers of the external oblique muscle run in what direction

A

Inferomedially

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10
Q

External oblique originates from?

A

Lower 8 ribs

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11
Q

Where do the fleshy fibers of the external oblique muscle insert

A

Outer lip of the anterior half of iliac crest

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12
Q

Where do the aponeurosis of the external oblique muscle insert

A

Medial part : linea Alba from xiphoid process to symphysis

Lateral part : folded upwards and backwards upon itself to form inguinal ligament

Extemsions: of the aponeurosis :inguinal ligament
Lacunae ligament
Pectineal ligament

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13
Q

Fibers of internal oblique run in which direction

A

Fibers pass in superomedial direction

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14
Q

Origin of the internal oblique muscle

A

Thoracolumbar fascia, anterior 2/3 of iliac crest, lateral 1/3 of inguinal ligament

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15
Q

Insertion of the internal oblique muscle

A

Lower 3 or 4 ribs, linea Alba, pubic crest and pectineal line

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16
Q

The line at which the io becomes aponeurosis at mcl is called

A

Linea semi-lunaris

17
Q

Fibers of the transverse abdominis muscle run in which direction

A

Fibers run almost transversely except for inferior fibers

18
Q

Origin of the transversus abdominis muscle

A

Thoracolumbar fascia, internal lip of iliac crest, lateral 1/3 of inguinal ligament, internal surface of 7 to 12th costal cartilage

19
Q

Insertion of transversus abdominis

A

Linea Alba, pubic crest, pectineal line

20
Q

What is the neurovascular plane

A

Similar to the neurovacular bundle in the ribs. Lies between IO and transversus abdominis. Contains nerves and arteries supplying the anterolateral abdominal wall

21
Q

At which point do the vessels in the neurovascular plane leave the plane and lie in subcutaneous tissue

A

Close to the midline. Start laterally though

22
Q

What are tendinitis intersections of the rectus abdominis muscle

A

Places at which the rectus abdominis muscle is anchored anteriorly to the anterior rectus sheath

23
Q

At which points are tendinous intersections located?

A

Xiphoid process
Umbilicus
Midway between first 2

24
Q

Origin of the rectus abdominis muscle

A

Pubic crest, pubic tubercle, pubic symphysis

25
Q

Insertion of the rectus abdominis muscle

A

Costal cartilages of rib 5 to 7; xiphoid process

26
Q

What is the rectus sheath?

A

Aponeurotic, tendinous, incomplete compartment of the RA and pyramidalis

27
Q

What is the arcuate line

A

Free lower border of the posterior wall of rectus sheath

It is 1/3 the distance from the umbilical cord to the pubic crest

28
Q

Below the umbilicus, what forms the posterior border of the rectus muscle

A

Extraperitoneal fat

29
Q

What are the contents of the rectus sheath

A

Muscles(rectus abdominis and pyramidalis)
Superior and inferior epigastric vessels
Lymphatics
Thoraco-abdominal nerves(anterior rami of 7 to 12 thoracic spinal nerves)

30
Q

What is the groin?

A

An area of junction between anterior abdominal wall and the thigh(between ASIS and pubic tubercle)

Anterior abdominal wall weakened in this area. Hernias very common in this area

31
Q

Inguinal canal?

A

Oblique slit like passage way in the inferior part of the abdominal wall

32
Q

Inguinal canal begins at … and ends at …

A

Deep ring

Superficial ring

BAHS 238 (6 decks)

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