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Oral Biology > Periodontium > Flashcards

Periodontium Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the periodontium and what are its functions

A

Tissues surrounding and supporting the teeth
Retains tooth in socket
Resists masticatory loads
Defensive barrier, protecting tissues against threats from the oral environment

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2
Q

What is the junctional epithelium

A

The physical barrier separating the body tissues from the oral environment

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3
Q

What are the different periodontal tissues

A

Cementum
Gingiva
Alveolar bone
PDL

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4
Q

Describe cementum

A 
Covers root dentine
Very similar in structure to bone
Provides attachment for some periodontal fibres
Two types - cellular and acellular 
Laid down by cementocytes
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5
Q

Describe acellular cementum

A

No cells within
Usually adjacent to dentine
First formed (primary cementum)

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6
Q

Describe cellular cementum

A

Contains cementocytes
Later formed (secondary cementum)
Found in apical part of root and in furcation regions

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7
Q

What is the function of alveolar bone

A

Supports the teeth

Provides attachment for PDL fibres (Sharpey’s fibres)

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8
Q

What is the alternative classification of cementum

A

Acellular extrinsic fibre cementum

Cellular intrinsic fibre cementum

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9
Q

Describe acellular extrinsic fibre cementum

A

Contains collagen fibres from PDL (Sharpey’s fibres)
Present on cervical 2/3 of roots
Anchors periodontal fibres

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10
Q

Describe cellular intrinsic fibre cementum

A

No Sharpey’s fibres
Intrinsic collagen fibres parallel to the surface
No role in tooth attachment
May represent a transitional form

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11
Q

What is periodontal ligament

A

A connective tissue containing cells, ECM, fibres, nerves and blood vessels

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12
Q

What is the function of periodontal ligament

A

Attaches tooth to jaw

Transmits biting forces to alveolar bone

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13
Q

What cells are found in the PDL

A 
Fibroblasts
Cementoblasts
Osteoclasts and cementoclasts
Epithelial cells - cells rests of Malassez
Defence cells
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14
Q

Which nerves are found in the PDL

A 
Sensory:
Mechanoreceptors - Ab and As fibres 
Proprioception for chewing control
Nociceptors - As and C fibres for protective reflexes
Autonomic (sympathetic):
Blood vessel control - vasoconstriction
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15
Q

What is the periodontium blood supply

A

PDL and alveolar bone from the inferior and superior alveolar arteries
Gingivae from the lingual and palatine arteries

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16
Q

What are the different types of periodontal fibres

A

True periodontal ligament
Gingival ligament
Collagen - types I and III
Oxytalan fibres

17
Q

What is true periodontal ligament

A

Fibres connecting tooth to bone at or apical to the alveolar crest

18
Q

What are gingival ligament

A

Fibres mainly above the alveolar crest including free gingival fibres

19
Q

What is the function of collagen fibres in the PDL

A

Supports teeth for load bearing

20
Q

What are the different PDL principal fibre groups and which types of fibres are found in each

A 
Alveolo-dental ligament:
Alveolar crest
Horizontal 
Oblique
Apical
Interradicular - multi-rooted teeth
Interdental ligament:
Transseptal fibres
21
Q

What are the different types of gingival fibres

A

Dento-gingival
Alveoli-gingival
Dento-periosteal
Circular

22
Q

What is the interdental col

A

Depression in the gingiva that connects a facial and lingual papilla

Oral Biology (12 decks)

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