Oral Functions - Senses Flashcards
What is the target area of an ID block
The area surrounding the nerve - not the nerve itself
What is parasthesia
Abnormal tingling or pins and needles
Happens if you hit the nerve
Will be resolved in time so not a permanent problem
What is dyaesthesia
An abnormal, unpleasant sensation felt when touched caused by damage to peripheral nerves
Name the cranial nerves
I - Olfactory II - Optic III - Oculomotor IV - Trochleae V - Trigeminal VI - Abducens VII - Facial VIII - Vestibulocochlear IX - Glossopharyngeal X - Vagus XI - Accesory XII - Hypoglossal
Why is the gag reflex necessary
To prevent material from entering the pharynx
What role does the nervous system play in the gag reflex
Efferent motor response from CN V, IX, X, XI and XII
The motor secretory visceral nerves of salivary glands are also stimulated
What are the 5 branches of the facial nerve
Temporal Zygomatic Buccal Mandibular Cervical
What are the causes of Bell’s Palsy
Infection - HSV, cold sores
Otitis media - inflammation of the middle ear
Diabetes
Trauma
Toxins
Infiltration of LA to the facial nerve during treatment
What is Bell’s Palsy
Any facial paralysis that doesn’t have any other associated causes such as tumours, trauma and salivary gland inflammation
How may an ID block cause trismus
Hitting the medial pterygoid with the needle may cause trismus
What is the function of the PDL mechanoreceptors
Enable us to assess the duration of forces applied to the teeth
Contribute to various oral functions such as mastication, salivation and interdental discrimination
Very sensitive
What is interdental discrimination
The ability to gauge extent of mouth opening
Allows the coordination of masticatory movements, monitoring the size of food particles and direction of high spots
What happens if PDL mechanoreception is lost
Influences control of jaw function, precision of magnitude, direction and rate of occlusal load application
What are common causes of dysphagia
Stroke Brain injury Multiple sclerosis GORD Tumours
What are overdentures
Roots and PDL remain
Mechanoreceptors allow finer discrimination of food texture, tooth contacts and levels of functional loading
