Periodontium Flashcards
What’s the components of PDL ?
PDL complex , specialized , soft and fibrous CT .
Contain Cellular ellements
Blood vessels and nerves .
Extracellular matrix
-Fibers ( gingival + principle ) collagen.
-Ground substance ( various proteins and polysaccharides)
Whats main four types of cells ?
-connective tissue cells,
-epithelial rest cells,
-immune system cells,
-cells associated with neurovascular elements.
What’s CT cells ?
- Synthetic cells-
Cementoblasts are seen lining the cementum
Osteoblasts
Fibroplasts - Resorptive Cells
Osteoclasts:
Cementoclasts:
Fibroblasts
3.Progenitor cells
What’s epithelium cells ?
Epithelial cell rests of Malassez- remnants of Hertwig’s epithelial root sheath
Found in PDL some of them degenerate, others become cementicles ( calcified ).
Where does osteoblasts found ?
Cover the periodontal surface of the alveolar bone
What’s the main function of fibroblasts ?
synthesize collagen
possess the capacity to phagocytose old” collagen fibers
• Collagen fibers
• Reticulin fibers
• Oxytalan fibers
• Elastin fibers
What’s osteoclasts ?
resorb the bone. The precursor cells of the osteoclasts are circulating monocytes
Does cementum undergo any remodeling?
No , it in continued deposition during life in some cases undergo resorption by cementoclasts in howship’s lacunae
Which cells seen in the cemental and osseous surfaces of the periodontal ligament ?
Osteoblasts and cementoblasts,
osteoclasts and cementoclasts,
Whats Progenitor cells ?
( Mesnchymal stem cells ) daughter cell after the division -differentiates into the functional type of connective tissue cells. Either cementoblasts , fibroblasts , osteoblasts.
What’s the components of extracellular components the fiber and ground substances ?
- Fibers:
• Collagen
• Oxytalan - Ground substance:
• Proteoglycans
• Glycoproteins
water content (70%).
What’s the terminal portion of PDL fibers that connect to cementum and bone ?
Sharpey’s fibers.
What’s the principal fibers of periodontal ligament ?
Trans-septal group
Alveolar crest,
horizontal,
oblique,
apical
Interradicular fibers
Which structures found in CT ?
- Blood vessels
- Lymphatics
- Nerve innervation
- Cementicles
Which branches supply the PDL ?
dental(apical)
inter-radicular and
interdental arteries
Which the main arteries and nerves supply PDL ?
dental branches of the inferior alveolar
and branches of maxillary nerve through the apical perforations of the tooth socket ** OR ** from the compact plate.
What’s the function of nerve supply to PDL ?
touch, pressure, pain, and proprioception during mastication.
What’s cementicles ?
calcified masses ( round or oval ) adherent to or detached or embeded near the root ( cementum ) surface .
calcified epithelial rests,
calcified Sharpey’s fibers,
Calcified thrombosed vessels within the periodontal ligament.
What’s PDL functions ?
- Physical ( support , protect )
- Formative and remodeling ( resorption )
- Nutritional and sensory ( trigminal nerve ) function.
All of this for the teeth
What’s is periodontium ?
Gingiva , PDL , cementum , alveolar bone , supporting bone .
What’s attachment apparatus?
Alveolar bone , PDL fiber , cementum that attach the teeth to bone.
What’s gingival apparatus ?
Gingival fibers and epithelium , and ligaments
What’s the PDL fibers ?
Hour glass shape narrow at the midddle.
What’s happen to PDL when they tooth loss it’s function ?
Become very thin and irregular arrangement of fibers.
