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602 EX 3 > Periodontium > Flashcards

Periodontium Flashcards

1
Q

_________ is the tissues that invest and support the tooth

A

Periodontium

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2
Q

Alveolar process, cementum, and PDL are all derived from the _________ which originates from _______

A

dental follicle/sac
Neural crest

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3
Q

what are the 3 parts of periodontium?

A
  1. Alveolar process
  2. Cementum
  3. Periodontal ligament
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4
Q

_________________ is the Part of the maxilla that is attachment for PDL fiber

A

Alveolar Process (Alveolar Bone)

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5
Q

what is alveolar bone made up of? Is periosteum present?

A

Primarily woven bone, lamellar bone is also present
NO

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6
Q

what are the inorganic/organic components of alveolar bone?

A

Inorganic: HAp
Organic: type I collagen

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7
Q

what are the different things that make up alveolar bone? (3)

A
  1. Alveolar bone proper
  2. Cortical plate
  3. Central spongiosa
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8
Q

what are three interchangeable names for alveolar bone proper? how do they differ?

A
  1. Cribriform plate: because of the presence of volkmann’s canal foramina
  2. Lamina dura: radiographic term, shown in radiograph as a line with increased radiopacity
  3. Bundle bone: histological term, sharpey’s fiber embedded in bone
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9
Q

The _____________ is a layer of compact bone that overlies the spongiosa of the alveolar process on the mandible and maxilla. what can this be broken down into?

A

cortical plate
Inner (lingual surface) and Outer (labial surface)

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10
Q

___________ is the junction of cortical plate and alveolar bone proper

A

Alveolar Crest

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11
Q

what covers the cortical plate?

A

periosteum

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12
Q

_____________ is the trabecular/spongy bone in-between inner and outer cortical plates

A

Central spongiosa

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13
Q

what does central spongiosa consist of?

A

trabecular bone and marrow

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14
Q

where is central spongiosa not seen in the mouth?

A

anterior region of both jaws

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15
Q

Marrow is _____ in young people, _________ in older people

A

red, yellow

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16
Q

________ bone supports alveolar bone proper and cortical plate

A

Trabecular (spongy/cancellous)

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17
Q

what are the 2 kinds of boney septa?

A
  1. Interradicular septum: bony septum between roots of a single tooth
  2. Interalveolar septum: bony septum between adjacent teeth
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18
Q

_________ is mineralized CT covering root dentin that provides the attachment for PDL fiber. What is its function?

A

Cementum
-function: Protects dentin from stimuli and prevents pain, Compensates for occlusal wear

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19
Q

how does cementum develop?

A

HERS (hertwig’s epithelial root sheath) grows downward at 45* angle → HERS induces DS cells to become cementoblasts → cementoblasts secrete cementum matrix → this becomes mineralized and becomes cementum

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20
Q

what are the organic/inorganic components of cementum?

A

Inorganic: HAp
Organic: type I collagen

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21
Q

what are the different patterns of the CEJ we need to know?

A

60% overlap, 30% meet, 10% gap

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22
Q

________ form cementum and they are located on the surface. what happens to them later?

A

Cementoblasts
- later they are embedded in the matrix and become cementocytes

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23
Q

what are the different fiber types in cementum?

A
  1. Extrinsic Fibers: produced by fibroblasts of PDL
  2. Intrinsic fibers: produced by cementoblasts
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24
Q

what are the 2 ways cementum can be classified?

A
  1. Acellular Extrinsic Fiber Cementum (AEFC)/ Acellular/ Primary cementum
  2. Cellular Intrinsic Fiber cementum (CIFC)/ Celluilar/ Secondary
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25
what are some characteristics of AEFC? where can it be found?
AEFC has no cementocytes Covers coronal 2/3 of root
26
The majority of fibers in AEFC are _________ and play a large role in _______
extrinsic tooth attachment
27
where is CIFC located? what type of fibers are CIFC?
-covers apical 1/3 of root and interradicular area -Majority of fibers are intrinsic and play a minor role in tooth attachment (fibers run up and down)
28
are CIFC found in anterior teeth?
no! usually absent
29
what direction do cementocytes processes orient toward?
PDL!
30
if cementocytes are close to PDL they are ______, if they are far from PDL they are ______
Viable, in degeneration
31
____________ is between TGL in mantle dentin and dental cementum and has a high mineralization level
Intermediate cementum
32
what is the function of intermediate cementum?
to seal the surface of the sensitive root dentin
33
what is mixed cementum?
alternating layers of cellular/acellular cementum
34
how is cementum different than alveolar bone?
cementum is similar to alveolar bone, but is more resistant to resorption than bone
35
___________ is an abnormal thickening of cementum
Hypercementosis
36
In orthodontics,____________ is first broken down and reabsorbed, and this allows room for tooth to move
alveolar bone
37
_____________ is the Soft CT that develops in concomitance with cementum and alveolar process development
Periodontal Ligament
38
what is the development of Periodontal ligament like?
develops after detachment of HERS → Ectomesenchyme cells form fibroblasts → these produce collagen fibers which form bundles that run in the oblique direction
39
True or false: periondontal ligament is completely finished growing and remodeling after turning 25
False, Remodeling occurs throughout life
40
what is the location of the periodontal ligament?
between alveolar bone proper and cementum
41
what is the function of the periodontal ligament?
suspends and supports tooth and acts as a sensory organ, provide attachment for tooth, withstand mastication force, permit tooth to have limited mobility, cushion, sensory, formative, nutritive
42
what are the components of PDL?
1. Cells (Fibroblasts, Osteoblasts, Osteoclasts, Cementoblasts) 2. Fibers 3. Epithelial rests of Malassez 4. Cementicles 5. Interstitial spaces 6. AGS
43
___________ are the most abundant cells in the PDL. How does the number of fibroblasts change throughout life?
Fibroblasts Number decreases with age
44
T/F: fibroblasts are not active
false! they are very active with high turnover
45
_________ are on alveolar bone proper surface. what is their function?
Osteoblasts Form alveolar bone/cementum
46
what happens to osteoblasts after they become buried in the bone matrix?
they become osteocytes
47
____________ present in resorption pits of alveolar bone. what is their function?
Osteoclasts participate in remodeling of alveolar bone
48
___________ present on surface of cementum. what is their function?
Cementoblasts Form cementum matrix
49
what happens to cementoblasts after they are buried in the cementum matrix?
they become melanocytes
50
what are the 2 types of fibers in PDL?
1. Collagen type I 2. Elastic fiber/Oxytalan
51
what are the 3 principal fiber groups made of type I collagen?
1. Dentoalveolar group 2. Transseptal ligament 3. Gingival group
52
______________ is the actual attachment of tooth root to alveolar bone, and they hold teeth in socket
dentoalveolar group
53
what are the 5 subgroups of the dentoalveolar group?
1. Alveolar crest fibers: diagonal from alveolar crest 2. Horizontal fibers 3. Oblique fibers: largest/most numerous 4. Apical fibers: below bottom of root 5. Interradicular fibers
54
____________ connects adjacent teeth
Transseptal ligament
55
____________ is a part of gingiva that is seen interproximally
Gingival group
56
what are the different types of the gingival group?
-Dentogingival (free//attached) -Alvelogingival -Circular -Dentoperiosteal
57
what is the function of Elastic fibers/Oxytalan? where are they located?
Function: Provide support for blood vessels in PDL Location: Parallel to tooth root → from cementum to PDL in an apical direction
58
___________________ are remnants of HERS that are abundant in PDL
Epithelial rests of Malassez (ERM)
59
what is the clinical correlation of ERM?
this the source of cysts and tumors
60
_________ are similar to pulp stones that consist of concentric layers of mineralized tissue. what are the two different types?
Cementicles Free/attached
61
____________ are where different things pass through. what passes through here?
Interstitial spaces Blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, nerves
62
________________ is a major component of PDL that is made up of proteoglycans and non-collagenous proteins
Amorphous ground substances
63
True/false: AGS have a unique shape under the microscope
False, they are shapeless under a microscope
64
What are the 5 types of movement that periodontium is affected by?
Tipping Bodily movement Extrusive movement Intrusive movement Rotational movement
65
which type of movement does PDL not have fibers against?
rotational
66
__________ is the conversion of physical force into biologic response
Transduction
67
what are 2 results of tooth movemnet?
Compression Tension
68
__________ can be seen on the side toward which tooth moves. There is a ______ of alveolar bone
Compression resorption
69
__________ can be seen on the side opposite to compression. There is a ______ of alveolar bone
tension formation
70
____________ results from too great or too rappid compression force
Hyalinization
71
_____________ occurs in conjugation with hyalinization
Undermining resorption

602 EX 3 (8 decks)

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