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602 EX 3 > Autonomic control > Flashcards

Autonomic control Flashcards

1
Q

what can sympathetic nervous system cause?

A

↑ HR, BP, blood to skeletal muscle, metabolism/catabolism
↓ salivation/intestinal secretion, blood to skin, excretion

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2
Q

what can the parasympathetic system cause?

A

Remember SLUDD! (salivation, lacrimation, urination, digestion, defecation)
↑ salivation/intestinal secretion, lacrimation, excretion
↓ HR, BP, metabolism/catabolism

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3
Q

_________ is long in parasympathetic, and ______ is long in sympathetic

A

preganglionic
post-ganglionic

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4
Q

what is released from pre/post ganglionic in sympathetic vs parasympathetic?

A

Sympathetic:
-Pre: Ach
-Post: NE/epi

Parasympathetic
-Pre: Ach
-post: Ach

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5
Q

_________ cell in adrenal medulla releases Epi or NE

A

Chromaffin

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6
Q

All sympathetic to head has 2nd ganglion in ______________

A

superior sympathetic ganglia

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7
Q

what are B fibers like?

A

Lightly myelinated
Smaller, more peripheral
preganglionic

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8
Q

what are C fibers like?

A

Postganglionic
unmyelinated

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9
Q

________ horn receives somatic sensory
_________ horn iswhere preganglionic sympathetic cell bodies are
________ horn is where ventral horn motor neurons are

A

Dorsal
Lateral
Ventral

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10
Q

Which Cranial nerve, parasympathetic ganglion, and function is the Edinger Westphal nucleus known for?

A

CN: III
PS ganglion: Ciliary ganglion
Fxn: pupillary constriction

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11
Q

Which Cranial nerve, parasympathetic ganglion, and function is the Superior Salivatory nucleus known for?

A

CN: VII
PS ganglion: Submandibular ganglion
Fxn: submandibular/sublingual salivary glands

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12
Q

Which Cranial nerve, parasympathetic ganglion, and function is the Lacrimal nucleus known for?

A

CN: VII
PS ganglion: Pterygopalatine ganglion
Fxn: lacrimation

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13
Q

Which Cranial nerve, parasympathetic ganglion, and function is the Inferior salivatory nucleus known for?

A

CN: IX
PS ganglion: Otic ganglion
Fxn: parotid salivary gland

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14
Q

Which Cranial nerve and parasympathetic ganglion is the dorsal vagal nucleus known for?

A

CN: X
PS ganglion: ganglion in neck, thorax, abdomen

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15
Q

which CNS nucleus is the only one located above the pons?

A

Edinger-westphal

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16
Q

_________ system is a special division of ANS that does NOT need CNS connection to function

A

Enteric

17
Q

what does the enteric system control?

A

motor functions, local blood flow, mucosal transport and secretions, and modulates immune and endocrine functions (ex: peristalsis)

18
Q

What are these different parts of the brain responsible for feeling/sensing?

Hypothalamus
Cingulate cortex:
Insular cortex
Hippocampus:
Septal nn
Amygdala:
Nucleus accumbens

A

-Hypothalamus: hunger, thirst
-Cingulate cortex: feels emotion (3 layered)
-Insular cortex: emotion, taste, smell
-Hippocampus: memory, learning
-Septal nn: reward (can be stimulated with drugs)
-Amygdala: anger
-Nucleus accumbens: addiction

19
Q

what is the pathway for all autonomic afferents?

A
  1. ALL General visceral afferent (GVA) comes into the CNS and synapses on nucleus of solitary tract (NTS)(on brainstem)
  2. message sent to limbic system structures
  3. limbic systems send opinion back down through NTS to Lower preganglionic brainstem and spinal cord nuclei
20
Q

what are the different levels of control?

A

CNS, Local

21
Q

what are some examples of local control?

A

Neurotransmitters with both sympathetic or parasympathetic aftion

22
Q

what are some neurotransmitters with sympathetic actions?

A

Neuropeptide Y, ATP, serotonin

23
Q

what are some neurotransmitters with parasympathetic actions?

A

Vasointestinal peptide, nitric oxide

24
Q

what is another example of local control?

A

-Presynaptic autoreceptors: feedback inhibition of neurotransmitter release

25
Q

__________ reflex is an autonomic reflex that causes vomiting. explain why

A

Emetic
-Emetic centers neurons are not shielded by BBB
They are very sensitive to toxins

26
Q

where are emetic neurons located ?

A

near obex

27
Q

________ syndrome occurs when cold stimulus to thermoreceptors and causes synaptic reflex

A

Raynaud’s

28
Q

how does raynauds happen? what can result?

A

Skin arterioles constrict
Can lead to severe frostbite

29
Q

which system is responsible for Raynauds syndrome?

A

sympathetic

30
Q

which system is responsible for the Vagal response?

A

parasympathetic

31
Q

Oxybutynin (Ditropan) is a _____ receptor _____ in PNS

A

Ach, antagonist

32
Q

how does Oxybutynin work? what is it used to treat?

A

-Suppresses function of Postganglionic neurotransmitter by binding targets of PNS
-Incontinence

33
Q

what is a side effect of Oxybutynin?

A

Xerostomia (dry mouth)

34
Q

Pilocarpine (Dioptic) is a _____ receptor ________ in PNS

A

Ach, Agonist

35
Q

how does pilocarpine work? what does it treat?

A

Activates neurotransmitter receptors in targets os postganglionic PNS neuron

treats severe xerostomia and glaucoma

36
Q

what can pilocarpine cause?

A

sweating and salivation

37
Q

____________ is an exaggerated response of sympathetic NS in causes of spinal cord injury above T6

A

Autonomic Dysreflexia

602 EX 3 (8 decks)

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