PERIODONTICS Flashcards

1
Q

MAIN PARTS OF PERIODONTIUM

A
  • Cementum
  • PDL
  • Alveolar bone
  • Gingiva
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2
Q

Also called attachment apparatus because they are attached on the tooth structure.

A

PERIODONTIUM

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3
Q

GROSS ANATOMICAL PARTS OF GINGIVA

A

Free gingiva / Unattached gingiva

Attached gingiva

Gingival sulcus

Alveolar mucosa

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4
Q
  • The space created or bounded by the 2 structure junctional epithelium and sulcular epithelium
  • Measures 1-3 mm
A

Gingival sulcus

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5
Q

Transition of color from pink to red.

The coral pink gingiva is lighter in color because of keratinization.

A

Alveolar mucosa

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6
Q

alveolar mucosa (non-keratinized tissue) and attached gingiva (keratinized tissue) are separated by

A

mucogingival junction

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7
Q

keratinized stratified squamous
epithelium

A

Epithelium of the skin

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8
Q

similar with thin skin

A

Oral epithelium

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9
Q

single layer of cuboidal cells and source of mitosis

A

stratum basale (stratum germinativum)

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10
Q

combination of basalevand 2-4 layers of stratum spinosum

layer in which the fusion of oxygen
and nutrients can reach the
epithelium

A

malpighian layer

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11
Q

observe a highly dense keratohyalin granules.

A

stratum granulosum

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12
Q

most superficial layer

The degree of keratinization is measured on the stratum corneum level.

A

stratum corneum

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13
Q

the stratum corneum retains the cellular architecture. And the cells in
corneum still have nuclei

A

Non-keratinized

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14
Q

stratum corneum becomes flatten (do not retain their cellular architecture. And they are devoid of nuclei. Stratum corneum do not contain nucleus and the cells
are flatten.

A

Ortho-keratinized / fully
keratinized

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15
Q

cells appear pyknotic however they retain their nucleus.

A

Para keratinized

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16
Q

4 layers of epithelium

A

stratum basale (stratum germinativum)

stratum spinosum

stratum granulosum

stratum corneum

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17
Q

does not contain keratin (non keratinized)
- Buccal mucosa
- Floor of the mouth

A

Lining mucosa

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18
Q

it is keratinized

A

Masticatory mucosa

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19
Q

Areas in the oral cavity that is subjected to masticatory
forces

A

Hard palate

Gingiva

Dorsum of the tongue (also specialized mucosa because it has papilla that perceive taste)

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20
Q

From the most cervical part of cementum (CEJ level)

A

Acellular afibrilar cementum

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21
Q

Most apical cementum (contains many cells).

A

highly cellular

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22
Q

When your cementum is forming, your outer enamel epithelium
and inner enamel epithelium when they joined together, they
become

A

REDUCED ENAMEL EPITHELIUM

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23
Q

on the edges of Reduced enamel epithelium, there is
Cervical loop. That cervical loop will give rise to?

A

Hertwigs epithelial sheath

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24
Q

– repairs your cementum.
But if your cementum is clinically seen / exposed, the rest of malassez cannot repair it.

A

Rest of Malassez

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25
Q

is the thinnest and most fragile dimineralized tissue of the tooth.

A

Cementum

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26
Q

it shares characteristics with the bone structure and composition.

A

Substantia ossea

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27
Q

Dentin also called as

A

“Substantia eburnea”

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28
Q

Enamel also called as

A

“Substantia adamantinea”

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29
Q
  • Holds the dentition
  • Follows the contour of the tooth
A

ALVEOLAR BONE

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30
Q

TYPES OF BONE:

A

Compact bone

Spongy bone

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31
Q

functional unit is “Haversian system”, also known as
the osteon.

A

Compact bone

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32
Q

functional unit is Trabeculation (process or pattern of forming trabeculae)

A

Spongy bone

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33
Q

Why compact bone (lamina dura) lines the alveolar socket?

A

Your PDL have extensions which are embedded to cementum and alveolar bone called “sharpey’s fiber”

34
Q

extension of PDL which are embedded to cementum and alveolar bone

A

SHARPEYS FIBER

35
Q

Technically lamina dura is called

A

compact bone

36
Q

complete desiccation of the bone

A

Dehiscence

37
Q

A window type of defect

A

Fenestration

38
Q

Also called as Supracrestal Attachment because it is above
the crest of alveolar bone.

Combination of junctional epithelium and connective tissue.

A

BIOLOGIC WIDTH

39
Q

Most safe to not violate the biologic width of the tooth

A

Supragingival

40
Q

dangerous / will create a pocket

A

Subgingival

41
Q

2 phases of Eruption

A

Active eruption

Passive

42
Q

actual movement of the tooth towards oral cavity because of root formation.

A

Active eruption

43
Q

normal recession of periodontium. That’s why if passive eruption did not happen, patients would have a gummy smile.

A

Passive

44
Q

PERIODONTAL REQUIREMENTS IN RESTORATIONS

A

Contact

Contour

Margin

Polish

Occlusion

45
Q

area would be food impaction area and interdental gingiva subjected to masticatory forces.

A

Contact

46
Q

subjected to plaque accumulation

A

Contour

47
Q

promote plaque accumulation

A

Margin

48
Q

plaque accumulation

A

Polish

49
Q

masticatory load is greater than that load of threshold of periodontium

A

Occlusal trauma

50
Q

refers to any condition and disease that might affect the periodontium.

A

Periodontal Diseases

51
Q

2 ETIOLOGIES OF PERIODONTAL DISEASES

A

Gingivitis and Periodontitis

52
Q

refers to bacterial cell, microorganisms which usually inhibits humans and has a symbiotic relationship with its host

A

Microbiota

53
Q

e benefit from them they benefit from us because we are their inhabitants

A

Symbiosis

54
Q

how we benefit from their microbiota?

A

Microbiota, they inhibit opportunistic infections because they are already there, your opportunistic infections couldn’t thrive (hindi siya pwede sumingit/ maki sit-in)

55
Q

can bring out diseases

A

Dysbiosis

56
Q

how do we know if there are
dysbiosis in microbiota? (not in
harmony)?

A

if there is biofilm or dental plaque because we have several accumulations in the tooth surface

57
Q

PELLICLE
Primary

A

are made up of reduced enamel epithelium that is present in erupting tooth.

58
Q

PELLICLE
Secondary

A

The removed REE, will be replaced by secondary pellicle.

59
Q

And this secondary pellicle is now called

A

SALIVARY GLYCOPROTEINS

60
Q

microorganisms in microbiota which can readily attach
on the tooth surfaces

A

PRIMARY COLONIZERS

61
Q

are toxins secreted by your bacteria to be utilize outside the cell.

A

Both produces exotoxin

61
Q

they cannot readily attached on the tooth surface, they require the presence of primary colonizers in order for them to attach on tooth surface.

A

SECONDARY COLONIZERS

62
Q

Only blank microorganisms can produce endotoxin to be utilize by bacteria itself.

A

Gram-negative

63
Q

in a form of LPS – directly
damages human tissue

A

Endotoxin

64
Q

may not be detrimental to tissue directly

A

Lipo Thicoic Acid

65
Q

(in cluster)

A

Staphylococus

66
Q

(in chain)

A

Streptococcus

67
Q

(weakly gram positive)

A

Nocardia

68
Q

3 in periodontal disease process which are

A
  • Treponema denticola
  • Tannerella forsythia
  • Porphyromonas gingivalis
68
Q

(only gram + that can produce endotoxin)

A

Listeria Monocytogenes

69
Q

on a diseases/ some disease is cause by bacteria

A

Koch Postulate

70
Q

mostly gram positive facultative aerobic which means they prefer oxygen

A

PRIMARY COLONIZERS

71
Q

They are mostly anaerobic

In a presence of oxygen, they die

A

SECONDARY COLONIZERS

72
Q

Sensing in this ability to communicate, they would try to rearrange themselves
to live in a more suitable environment

A

Quorum

73
Q

Materia Alba compose of

A

Salivary glycoproteins as pellicle

Food debri

Desquamated epithelial cells

Immune cells from gingival clavicular fluid

Planktonic microorganisms

74
Q

solitary microorganisms that they are out of the biofilm

A

Planktonic microorganisms

75
Q

are organized made up of colonies of microorganisms suspended in organic matrix

A

Biofilm Dental Plaque/Biofilm

76
Q

pag binuhusan mo ng cement tong mga nagsswimming,

  • is a mineralized form of biofilm that is always covered by unmineralized biofilm
A

Calculus

77
Q

We have health promoting environment (symbiosis)

Microorg there are only planktonic (microorg that are out of the biofilm.

A

Clinical Health

78
Q

t in gingival crevice, it is normal to
seen Neutrophils as a part of GCF.
And it is called

A

“Physiologic
Immuno Surveillance”