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PERIODONTICS Flashcards

1
Q

MAIN PARTS OF PERIODONTIUM

A
  • Cementum
  • PDL
  • Alveolar bone
  • Gingiva
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2
Q

Also called attachment apparatus because they are attached on the tooth structure.

A

PERIODONTIUM

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3
Q

GROSS ANATOMICAL PARTS OF GINGIVA

A

Free gingiva / Unattached gingiva

Attached gingiva

Gingival sulcus

Alveolar mucosa

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4
Q
  • The space created or bounded by the 2 structure junctional epithelium and sulcular epithelium
  • Measures 1-3 mm
A

Gingival sulcus

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5
Q

Transition of color from pink to red.

The coral pink gingiva is lighter in color because of keratinization.

A

Alveolar mucosa

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6
Q

alveolar mucosa (non-keratinized tissue) and attached gingiva (keratinized tissue) are separated by

A

mucogingival junction

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7
Q

keratinized stratified squamous
epithelium

A

Epithelium of the skin

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8
Q

similar with thin skin

A

Oral epithelium

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9
Q

single layer of cuboidal cells and source of mitosis

A

stratum basale (stratum germinativum)

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10
Q

combination of basalevand 2-4 layers of stratum spinosum

layer in which the fusion of oxygen
and nutrients can reach the
epithelium

A

malpighian layer

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11
Q

observe a highly dense keratohyalin granules.

A

stratum granulosum

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12
Q

most superficial layer

The degree of keratinization is measured on the stratum corneum level.

A

stratum corneum

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13
Q

the stratum corneum retains the cellular architecture. And the cells in
corneum still have nuclei

A

Non-keratinized

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14
Q

stratum corneum becomes flatten (do not retain their cellular architecture. And they are devoid of nuclei. Stratum corneum do not contain nucleus and the cells
are flatten.

A

Ortho-keratinized / fully
keratinized

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15
Q

cells appear pyknotic however they retain their nucleus.

A

Para keratinized

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16
Q

4 layers of epithelium

A

stratum basale (stratum germinativum)

stratum spinosum

stratum granulosum

stratum corneum

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17
Q

does not contain keratin (non keratinized)
- Buccal mucosa
- Floor of the mouth

A

Lining mucosa

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18
Q

it is keratinized

A

Masticatory mucosa

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19
Q

Areas in the oral cavity that is subjected to masticatory
forces

A

Hard palate

Gingiva

Dorsum of the tongue (also specialized mucosa because it has papilla that perceive taste)

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20
Q

From the most cervical part of cementum (CEJ level)

A

Acellular afibrilar cementum

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21
Q

Most apical cementum (contains many cells).

A

highly cellular

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22
Q

When your cementum is forming, your outer enamel epithelium
and inner enamel epithelium when they joined together, they
become

A

REDUCED ENAMEL EPITHELIUM

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23
Q

on the edges of Reduced enamel epithelium, there is
Cervical loop. That cervical loop will give rise to?

A

Hertwigs epithelial sheath

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24
Q

– repairs your cementum.
But if your cementum is clinically seen / exposed, the rest of malassez cannot repair it.

A

Rest of Malassez

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25
is the thinnest and most fragile dimineralized tissue of the tooth.
Cementum
26
it shares characteristics with the bone structure and composition.
Substantia ossea
27
Dentin also called as
"Substantia eburnea”
28
Enamel also called as
"Substantia adamantinea"
29
* Holds the dentition * Follows the contour of the tooth
ALVEOLAR BONE
30
TYPES OF BONE:
Compact bone Spongy bone
31
functional unit is "Haversian system", also known as the osteon.
Compact bone
32
functional unit is Trabeculation (process or pattern of forming trabeculae)
Spongy bone
33
Why compact bone (lamina dura) lines the alveolar socket?
Your PDL have extensions which are embedded to cementum and alveolar bone called “sharpey’s fiber”
34
extension of PDL which are embedded to cementum and alveolar bone
SHARPEYS FIBER
35
Technically lamina dura is called
compact bone
36
complete desiccation of the bone
Dehiscence
37
A window type of defect
Fenestration
38
Also called as Supracrestal Attachment because it is above the crest of alveolar bone. Combination of junctional epithelium and connective tissue.
BIOLOGIC WIDTH
39
Most safe to not violate the biologic width of the tooth
Supragingival
40
dangerous / will create a pocket
Subgingival
41
2 phases of Eruption
Active eruption Passive
42
actual movement of the tooth towards oral cavity because of root formation.
Active eruption
43
normal recession of periodontium. That’s why if passive eruption did not happen, patients would have a gummy smile.
Passive
44
PERIODONTAL REQUIREMENTS IN RESTORATIONS
Contact Contour Margin Polish Occlusion
45
area would be food impaction area and interdental gingiva subjected to masticatory forces.
Contact
46
subjected to plaque accumulation
Contour
47
promote plaque accumulation
Margin
48
plaque accumulation
Polish
49
masticatory load is greater than that load of threshold of periodontium
Occlusal trauma
50
refers to any condition and disease that might affect the periodontium.
Periodontal Diseases
51
2 ETIOLOGIES OF PERIODONTAL DISEASES
Gingivitis and Periodontitis
52
refers to bacterial cell, microorganisms which usually inhibits humans and has a symbiotic relationship with its host
Microbiota
53
e benefit from them they benefit from us because we are their inhabitants
Symbiosis
54
how we benefit from their microbiota?
Microbiota, they inhibit opportunistic infections because they are already there, your opportunistic infections couldn’t thrive (hindi siya pwede sumingit/ maki sit-in)
55
can bring out diseases
Dysbiosis
56
how do we know if there are dysbiosis in microbiota? (not in harmony)?
if there is biofilm or dental plaque because we have several accumulations in the tooth surface
57
PELLICLE Primary
are made up of reduced enamel epithelium that is present in erupting tooth.
58
PELLICLE Secondary
The removed REE, will be replaced by secondary pellicle.
59
And this secondary pellicle is now called
SALIVARY GLYCOPROTEINS
60
microorganisms in microbiota which can readily attach on the tooth surfaces
PRIMARY COLONIZERS
61
are toxins secreted by your bacteria to be utilize outside the cell.
Both produces exotoxin
61
they cannot readily attached on the tooth surface, they require the presence of primary colonizers in order for them to attach on tooth surface.
SECONDARY COLONIZERS
62
Only blank microorganisms can produce endotoxin to be utilize by bacteria itself.
Gram-negative
63
in a form of LPS – directly damages human tissue
Endotoxin
64
may not be detrimental to tissue directly
Lipo Thicoic Acid
65
(in cluster)
Staphylococus
66
(in chain)
Streptococcus
67
(weakly gram positive)
Nocardia
68
3 in periodontal disease process which are
- Treponema denticola - Tannerella forsythia - Porphyromonas gingivalis
68
(only gram + that can produce endotoxin)
Listeria Monocytogenes
69
on a diseases/ some disease is cause by bacteria
Koch Postulate
70
mostly gram positive facultative aerobic which means they prefer oxygen
PRIMARY COLONIZERS
71
They are mostly anaerobic In a presence of oxygen, they die
SECONDARY COLONIZERS
72
Sensing in this ability to communicate, they would try to rearrange themselves to live in a more suitable environment
Quorum
73
Materia Alba compose of
Salivary glycoproteins as pellicle Food debri Desquamated epithelial cells Immune cells from gingival clavicular fluid Planktonic microorganisms
74
solitary microorganisms that they are out of the biofilm
Planktonic microorganisms
75
are organized made up of colonies of microorganisms suspended in organic matrix
Biofilm Dental Plaque/Biofilm
76
pag binuhusan mo ng cement tong mga nagsswimming, - is a mineralized form of biofilm that is always covered by unmineralized biofilm
Calculus
77
We have health promoting environment (symbiosis) Microorg there are only planktonic (microorg that are out of the biofilm.
Clinical Health
78
t in gingival crevice, it is normal to seen Neutrophils as a part of GCF. And it is called
“Physiologic Immuno Surveillance”

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