PERIODONTICS Flashcards
MAIN PARTS OF PERIODONTIUM
- Cementum
- PDL
- Alveolar bone
- Gingiva
Also called attachment apparatus because they are attached on the tooth structure.
PERIODONTIUM
GROSS ANATOMICAL PARTS OF GINGIVA
Free gingiva / Unattached gingiva
Attached gingiva
Gingival sulcus
Alveolar mucosa
- The space created or bounded by the 2 structure junctional epithelium and sulcular epithelium
- Measures 1-3 mm
Gingival sulcus
Transition of color from pink to red.
The coral pink gingiva is lighter in color because of keratinization.
Alveolar mucosa
alveolar mucosa (non-keratinized tissue) and attached gingiva (keratinized tissue) are separated by
mucogingival junction
keratinized stratified squamous
epithelium
Epithelium of the skin
similar with thin skin
Oral epithelium
single layer of cuboidal cells and source of mitosis
stratum basale (stratum germinativum)
combination of basalevand 2-4 layers of stratum spinosum
layer in which the fusion of oxygen
and nutrients can reach the
epithelium
malpighian layer
observe a highly dense keratohyalin granules.
stratum granulosum
most superficial layer
The degree of keratinization is measured on the stratum corneum level.
stratum corneum
the stratum corneum retains the cellular architecture. And the cells in
corneum still have nuclei
Non-keratinized
stratum corneum becomes flatten (do not retain their cellular architecture. And they are devoid of nuclei. Stratum corneum do not contain nucleus and the cells
are flatten.
Ortho-keratinized / fully
keratinized
cells appear pyknotic however they retain their nucleus.
Para keratinized
4 layers of epithelium
stratum basale (stratum germinativum)
stratum spinosum
stratum granulosum
stratum corneum
does not contain keratin (non keratinized)
- Buccal mucosa
- Floor of the mouth
Lining mucosa
it is keratinized
Masticatory mucosa
Areas in the oral cavity that is subjected to masticatory
forces
Hard palate
Gingiva
Dorsum of the tongue (also specialized mucosa because it has papilla that perceive taste)
From the most cervical part of cementum (CEJ level)
Acellular afibrilar cementum
Most apical cementum (contains many cells).
highly cellular
When your cementum is forming, your outer enamel epithelium
and inner enamel epithelium when they joined together, they
become
REDUCED ENAMEL EPITHELIUM
on the edges of Reduced enamel epithelium, there is
Cervical loop. That cervical loop will give rise to?
Hertwigs epithelial sheath
– repairs your cementum.
But if your cementum is clinically seen / exposed, the rest of malassez cannot repair it.
Rest of Malassez
is the thinnest and most fragile dimineralized tissue of the tooth.
Cementum
it shares characteristics with the bone structure and composition.
Substantia ossea
Dentin also called as
“Substantia eburnea”
Enamel also called as
“Substantia adamantinea”
- Holds the dentition
- Follows the contour of the tooth
ALVEOLAR BONE
TYPES OF BONE:
Compact bone
Spongy bone
functional unit is “Haversian system”, also known as
the osteon.
Compact bone
functional unit is Trabeculation (process or pattern of forming trabeculae)
Spongy bone