Periodontal Inflammation

Question 1

What is inflammation?

Answer 1

Physiological & biological response of teh body to an irritant or injury.

Question 2

What are major local manifestations of acute inflammation?

Answer 2

Increased blood flow (vasodilation) to local areas.

Edema (swelling).

Neutrophil infiltration.

Question 3

Key immune cells in acute inflammation? (Gingivitis)

Answer 3

1 Neutrophils: respond very quickly to the chemokine IL-8 (CXCL8). Short life span.

#2 Macrophages: more long lived. Respond to MCP-1 (CCL2). Produce inflammatory cytokines (TNF, IL-1B, IL-12) and chemokines (IL-8, MCP-1).

Question 4

Key immune cells in chronic inflammation?
(Periodontitis)

Answer 4

1 Macrophages

#2 Lymphocytes (T-lymphocytes secrete IL-4, and B-lymphocytes produce antibodies)

Question 5

What are the inflammatory mediators in chronic periodontitis?

Answer 5

Complement proteins (C3a, C5a)
Tumour Necrosis Factor (TNF)
Interleukins (IL-1B, IL-8, IL-12)
MCP’s, MMP’s, Antibodies