Intro Flashcards
Label the gingiva
What 3 C’s do we look for in healthy gingiva?
- Contour (knife edged margins, stippling)
- Color (coral pink)
- Consistency (firm and not soft or spongy)
What is periodontal disease?
Includes all pathological conditions of the periodontium.
What is gingivitis?
An inflammatory response of the gingival without destruction of supporting tissues.
What are the clinical signs of gingivitis?
- Gingival redness
- Loss of stippling (glossy surface)
- Spongy/lack of tone
- Bleeding on probing
- Hyperplasia
- Inflammation
Loe et al. 1965
Found that if you suspend oral hygiene and allow for plaque accumulation, you get bacterial changes to more pathogenic type bacteria + also start to see signs of inflammation in the tissue
What is periodontitis?
Results from apical extension of gingival inflammation to involve the supporting tissues (which results in loss of alveolar bone and periodontal ligament).
Destruction of fiber attachment results in a perio pocket.
What are clinical signs of periodontitis?
- Appearance is similar to gingivitis but may look healthy or show recession
- Loss of attachment***
- Tooth mobility /drifting/migration (late)
- Loss of function (late)
halitosis/bad taste - Sensitivity to pain (late)
- Radiographic bone loss*** below CEJ.
What is pocket depth?
distance between the gingival margin to the base of the perio pocket (in mm). Measured at 6 points per tooth.
How deep is penetration in healthy, inflamed and severe cases?
- Healthy = above base of pocket
- Inflammation = within JE (junctional epithelium)
- Severe inflammation = past JE and into CT (connective tissue)
How much force should you probe with?
20g
How deep is a healthy pocket?
1-3mm (1-2mm on buccal and lingual surfaces)
What is an epulis?
growth of a tissue where a psudopocket can form underneath.
What are the measurements on a williams probe?
1,2,3, 5, 7, 8,9,10
How do you measure clinical attachment loss (CAL)?
pocket depth + recession past the CEJ = CAL (mm)
