Periodicty

Question 1

Aluminium and thallium are elements in Group 3 of the Periodic Table. Both elements form compounds and ions containing chlorine and bromine.Write an equation for the formation of aluminium chloride from its elements.

Answer 1

Al + 1.5Cl2 -> AlCl3or2Al+3Cl2->Al2Cl6

Question 2

An aluminium chloride molecule reacts with a chloride ion to form the AlCl4− ion. Name the type of bond formed in this reaction. Explain how this type of bond isformed in the AlCl4− ion.

Answer 2

Coordinate / dative (covalent) Electron pair on Cl– donated to Al(Cl3)

Question 3

The elements in Period 2 show periodic trends.Identify the Period 2 element, from carbon to fluorine, that has the largest atomic radius. Explain your answer.

Answer 3

Carbon / CFewest protons / smallest nuclear charge / least attraction between protons (in the nucleus) and electrons / weakest nuclear attraction to electronsSimilar shielding

Question 4

State the general trend in first ionisation energies from carbon to neon.

Answer 4

Increase

Question 5

Explain why the second ionisation energy of carbon is higher than the first ionisation energy of carbon.

Answer 5

(More energy to) remove an electron from a (more) positive ion / cation

Question 6

Identify, from the Period 2 elements lithium to nitrogen, the element that has the largest atomic radius.

Answer 6

Lithium / Li

Question 7

State the general trend in first ionisation energies for the Period 2 elements lithium to nitrogen.

Answer 7

Increase / gets bigger