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chemistry - focus topics for 2022 a level exams > Periodicity A2 - Chapter 22 > Flashcards

Periodicity A2 - Chapter 22 Flashcards

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AP® Chemistry flashcards Periodic Table flashcards
1
Q

What two P3 elements react with water?

A

Sodium and magnesium

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2
Q

Sodium + Water

A

Vigorous
Fizzing
Produces NaOH and H2
Strongly alkaline

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3
Q

Magnesium + Water

A 
Mg0 + H2
White precipitate formed
Weakly alkaline and sparingly soluble
Slow at room temp
Can be sped up with heated magnesium and steam
Slow: Slight fizzing
Fast: Bright white flame
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4
Q

Sodium + Oxygen

A

Na2O
White precipitate
Yellow flame

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5
Q

Magnesium + Oxygen

A

MgO

White precipitate

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6
Q

Aluminium + Oxygen

A

Al2O3

White precipitate

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7
Q

Silicon + Oxygen

A

SiO2

White precipitate

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8
Q

Phosphorus + Oxygen

A

P4O10
P2O3 if oxygen is limited
White smoke

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9
Q

Sulfur + Oxygen

A

SO2

Blue flame

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10
Q

Give an example of a metal oxide with covalent character and explain why it has this property?

A

Aluminium oxide
Forms a small ion with a very positive charge, close to the O2- and can distort it’s electron cloud, adding some covalent character

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11
Q

Which P3 element forms a giant covalent structure?

A

Silicon dioxide

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12
Q

Oxo-ions structure

A

Perfect tetrahedron

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13
Q

Ions present after reacting oxides with water and acidity/alkalinity (add approximate pH)

A 
Na20 - Na+ OH- Strong alkaline 13-14
MgO - Mg2+ OH- Somewhat alkaline 10
Al2O3 - Insoluble 7
Si02 - Insoluble 7
P4010 - H+ H2PO4- Fairly strong acid 1-2
SO2 - H+ HSO3- Weak acid 2-3
SO3 - H+ HSO4- Strong acid 0-1
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14
Q

General trend of oxide acidity across period 3

A

Go from alkaline to acidic

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15
Q

What is an amphoteric oxide? Give an example

A 
An oxide that can react with both acids and bases
Aluminium oxide (Al2O3)
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16
Q

Production of CaSiO3

A

Si02 (s) + CaO (l) —> CaSi03 (l)

High temperatures in a blast furnace

17
Q

Make cards on 22.3 at some point

A

Already done one on amphoteric oxides

chemistry - focus topics for 2022 a level exams (17 decks)

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