Periodicity Flashcards
What Do Periods Indicate in the Periodic Table?
Periods indicate the Outer Electron Shell
What Do Groups Indicate in the Periodic Table?
Groups indicate the Number of Electrons in the Highest Energy Level (Outer Shell)
How are Elements Arranged in the Periodic Table?
Elements are Ordered by Increasing Atomic Number
Define Periodicity
Periodicity is the Trends in Properties of Elements based on Positions in the Periodic Table
What is Electron Shielding?
Electron Shielding is the Repulsion between Electrons in Different Inner Shells.
What is the Effect of Electron Shielding?
Electron Shielding reduces the Attractive Forces between the Nucleus and Outer-Shell Electrons
As You Go Down a Group, First Ionisation Energies….
As you go Down a Group, First Ionisation Energies Decrease
As You Go Down a Group, Atomic Radius…. Why?
As you go Down a Group, Atomic Radius Increases as Shielding Outweighs Nuclear Charge
As You Go Across a Period, Nuclear Charge… Why?
As you go Across a Period, Nuclear Charge Increases as there are More Protons
As You Go Across a Period, Atomic Radius… Why?
As You Go Across a Period, Atomic Radius Decreases as the Increase in Nuclear Charge Attracts Electrons Inwards
As You Go Across a Period, First Ionisation Energies… Why?
As You Go Across a Period, First Ionisation Energies Increase, as the Reduced Atomic Radius makes it more Difficult to Remove Electrons
When there are 2 Electrons in an Orbital, What Happens to the First Ionisation Energy?
When there are 2 Electrons in an Orbital, First Ionisation Energy Decreases as the Electrons Repel Eachother
As Metals Gain More Protons and Electrons, What Happens to their Melting Points?
Their Melting Points Increase as Ions Decrease in Size and there are More Electrons, there is a Greater Charge Density. Therefore More Energy is required to Separate Ions
What has Greater Melting Points, Giant Covalent or Simple Molecules? Why?
Giant Covalent Substances have Greater Melting Points as a Lot of Energy is required to break the Covalent Bonds, whereas Simple Covalent Molecules depend on Induced Dipole-Dipole Forces
Why do Noble Gases have low Melting Points?
They are Monatomic, and therefore there are weak forces between them.
