Acid-Base & Redox Reactions Flashcards
What is an Acid?
An Acid is a Proton Donor (H+ Ion)
What is the Term given to Acids that can Donate 2 Protons?
Diprotic Acids can Donate Two Protons
Give an Example of a Diprotic Acid
Sulphuric Acid (H2SO4) is a Diprotic Acid
What is a Base?
A Base is a Proton (H+ Ion) Acceptor
Give 4 Examples of Bases
Some Bases are:
- Metal Oxides
- Metal Hydroxides
- Ammonia
- Organic Compounds (Amines)
What is an Alkali?
Alkalis are Soluble Bases which release OH- Ions into Water
What does the term Amphoteric mean?
Amphoteric substances have Acid and Base Properties (e.g. Amino Acids)
Define the term Salt
A Salt is an Ionic Compound formed when a H+ Ion is Replaced by a Metal Ion or other Positive Ion
What is a Cation?
A Cation is a Positively Charged Ion (Usually Metal or Ammonium)
What is an Anion?
An Anion is a Negatively Charged Ion (They are Derived from the Acid)
Acid + Carbonate →…?
Acid + Carbonate → Salt + CO2 + H2O
Acid + Base/Alkali →…?
Acid + Base/Alkali → Salt + H2O
What is a Redox Reaction?
A Redox Reaction is a Reaction where Oxidation and Reduction take place
Oxidation Is…
Oxidation is the Loss of Electons
Reduction is…
Reduction is Gain of Electrons
What is a Reducing Agent?
A Reducing Agent is a Substance that Reduces Other Substances and Loses Electrons
What is an Oxidising Agent?
An Oxidising Agent is a Substance that Oxidises Other Substances and Gains Electrons
What is a Spectator Ion?
Spectator Ions are Ions that exist in the Same Form as a Reactant & Product, therefore Aren’t Used in the Reaction
What is a Disproportionation Reaction?
A Disproportionation Reaction is a reaction where a Substance is both Oxidised & Reduced, forming 2 Different Products
Define Anhydrous
An Anhydrous Substance is one containing No Water
Define Hydrated
A Hydrated Salt Contains Water and is in a Crystalline State
Acid + Metal →…?
Acid + Metal → Salt + Hydrogen
